Kenia

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Africa: El rostro infantil de la pobreza

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TeleSur.TV/01 de julio de 2016/

África es la región que ofrece el «panorama más sombrío», según la Unicef.

Se estima que 69 millones de niños morirán por causas inevitables y unos 167 millones de vivirán en pobreza para el año 2030.

De acuerdo al documento Estado Mundial de la Infancia publicado por la Unicef este martes, para el año 2030 podrían morir 69 millones de niños por causas inevitables y otros 167 millones vivirán en la pobreza.

El informe revela que en 2030, fecha en que se vence el plazo de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de Naciones Unidas, aquellos niños en situación de vulnerabilidad les espera «pobreza, analfabetismo y muerte prematura».

Futuro devastador

Los niños se ven afectados «desproporcionadamente» por los conflictos violentos, emergencias humanitarias y desastres naturales, así como por crisis sanitarias, destaca el estudio.

Además, estima que para ese año 750 millones de mujeres se habrán casado siendo aún niñas.

“Las vidas de millones de niños se ven arruinadas por la simple razón del país, la comunidad, el género o las circunstancias en las que nacen», lamentó el director ejecutivo de Unicef, Anthony Lake, quien además agregó que «antes de que respiren por primera vez, las opciones de vida de los niños pobres y excluidos a menudo se ven modeladas por las desigualdades».

El informe destaca, asimismo, que se ha avanzado considerablemente en la labor de salvar las vidas de los niños, reducir la pobreza y lograr que asistan a la escuela.

De esta forma se ha conseguido reducir la tasa de mortalidad de menores de cinco años desde 1990, que los niños y niñas asistan a la escuela primaria en igualdad en 129 países y que el número de personas que viven en la extrema pobreza se haya reducido a casi la mitad en comparación a la década de 1990.

Sin embargo, el progreso no ha sido “uniforme y justo”, según Unicef, debido a que los niños en mayor situación de pobreza tienen el doble de probabilidades de morir antes de los cinco años que los más ricos, así como de sufrir desnutrición crónica. En cuanto a las niñas provenientes de hogares más pobres tienen un 2 por ciento de probabilidades de casarse durante la infancia que otras niñas de estratos sociales más altos.

«A pesar de los avances en las últimas décadas, un gran número de niños se ha quedado atrás, por lo que tenemos que mantener este progreso, pero centrándonos en los más desfavorecidos», explicó el director de programas de Unicef, Ted Chaiban.

África con un “panorama más sombrío”

La región de África Subsahariana mantiene un panorama más desolador. Al menos 247 millones de niños, el equivalente a dos de cada tres, viven en pobreza multidimensional y sin los elementos necesarios para sobrevivir.

Los niños tienen hasta 10 veces más probabilidades de morir antes de los cinco años, y un total de nueve de cada 10 niños que viven en la pobreza en el mundo se encuentran en esta región.

Además, casi el 60 por ciento de los jóvenes de entre 20 y 24 años ha tenido menos de cuatro años de escolaridad.

La educación contra la desigualdad

La educación desempeña «un papel único para poner fin a los ciclos intergeneracionales de desigualdad». Sin embargo, desde 2011 Unicef ha denunciado que el número de niños que no asisten a la escuela ha aumentado, mientras que existe una proporción significativa de aquellos que sí van pero no logran aprender.

Otros datos reflejan que 124 millones de niños no acceden a la enseñanza primaria o secundaria, y casi 2 de cada 5 alumnos que terminan la escuela primaria no han aprendido a leer, escribir o hacer cálculos aritméticos simples.

Para el 2030, según las estimaciones de Unicef habrá más de 60 millones de niños fuera de la escuela.

Invertir en el futuro de las sociedades

El informe expone que si se invierte en aquellos niños que viven en las situaciones más vulnerables, se podrían producir beneficios inmediatos y a largo plazo.

En promedio cada año adicional de educación que recibe un niño aumenta sus ganancias cuando sea adulto en un 10 por ciento. Por cada año de estudio aprobado, la tasa de pobreza de un país caerá en un 9 por ciento.

Tomado de: http://www.telesurtv.net/telesuragenda/El-rostro-infantil-de-la-pobreza-20160628-0032.html

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Kenia: Uhuru pushed for teachers’ new deal

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Kenia: Uhuru pushed for teachers’ new deal

Africa/Kenia/Junio de 2016/Daily Nation

Resumen: El presidente Uhuru Kenyatta intervino personalmente para asegurar que los maestros firmaron un acuerdo de negociación colectiva (CBA) con su empleador, poniendo fin a una disputa de tres años que ha ocasionado una serie de huelgas, paralizando la educación en el país.

President Uhuru Kenyatta personally intervened to ensure that teachers signed a collective bargaining agreement (CBA) with their employer, ending a three-year standoff that has occasioned a series of strikes, paralysing education in the country.
Concerned with growing hostility from the teachers almost a year to the next general election, President Kenyatta stepped in and invited officials of the Kenya National Union of Teachers (Knut) and the Kenya Union of Post-Primary Teachers (Kuppet) to State House for several meetings that eventually resulted in the deal.
And when he arrived in Mombasa on Wednesday for the 2016 conference for secondary school headteachers, President Kenyatta met the union leaders at State House, Mombasa, where he thanked them for signing the deal which he termed “historic.”
“As you will recall, a few months ago I asked the Teachers Service Commission (TSC) and the teachers’ unions to work towards establishing a harmonious relationship in the education sector,’’ said the President.
He pledged the government’s commitment to work with the unions to improve education standards.
He first met the union officials at State House, Nairobi, in November 2015 and asked them to jump-start the negotiations which had stalled.
In January 2016, a technical committee comprising officers from TSC, Knut and Kuppet was constituted but by March it had not made any headway on the CBA.
The technical committee had postponed its initial meeting more than five times.
In March, President Kenyatta met the union leaders and assured them that once they sign the CBA, it will be the start of a new journey.
In April, TSC chairperson Lydia Nzomo, Chief Executive Officer Nancy Macharia and other commissioners visited Knut and Kuppet leaders with the intention of mending fences.
Another meeting between Deputy President William Ruto and union leaders was held at his Karen office in May over the same.
However, it emerged that Mr Ruto had taken a hard-line position on the issue as he was insisting that teachers must wait for the validation and job evaluation.
On learning that the government was not about to change its position, the teachers agreed to sign the CBA.
It had also emerged that the government wanted to give them a new CBA from 2016 to 2020, yet they had not formalised gains in allowances that they had been awarded since 2013.
TEAM DISBANDED
After a series of meetings, the technical team that had been constituted in January was disbanded and TSC took charge of preparing the agreement which it submitted to Kuppet and Knut for approval.
Knut Secretary General Wilson Sossion and Kuppet Chairman Omboko Milemba on Saturday acknowledged that the intervention of the Head of State played a critical role in striking the deal.
They, however, insisted that the deal was not motivated by political gains and warned that any shift in position over the matter will be rejected by teachers.
Mr Milemba said the union agreed to sign the deal as they see it as a promissory note and expect the government to honour its part of the bargain.
“We will be patient and wait for the basic salary in 2017-2021 deal,” he said.
Mr Sossion also admitted that a series of meetings were held to ensure that a deal was reached.
“We cannot ignore what teachers have benefited and fought for since 2013 and that is why we accepted the deal,” said Mr Sossion.
President Kenyatta has asked those involved to ensure that they conclude the talks before the end of 2016.
Mr Sossion who has been a critic of the government in the recent past and even criticised his chairman Mudzo Nzili for associating with the government defended his change of heart.
“It is not about politics of 2017. Our major concern is the welfare of teachers of this country,” he said.

Foto: El presidente Uhuru Kenyatta con el secretario general Knut Wilson Sossion durante la 41ª conferencia anual de directores de IES en Wild Waters en Mombasa el 22 de junio de 2016. El Presidente intervino personalmente para asegurar que los maestros firmaron un ACB con CET, poniendo fin a una disputa de tres años. FOTO | KEVIN ODIT | NACIÓN MEDIA GROUP
Fuente: http://www.nation.co.ke/news/education/Uhuru-teachers-new-deal/-/2643604/3268098/-/pyas4h/-/index.html

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África: El ingenio de un niño de 13 años que ha asombrado al mundo

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África/Últimas Noticias/ 29 de Junio de 2016

No tiene ni una carrera universitaria, ni un doctorado, nunca ha estudiado nada; pero eso no impidió que este niño africano de 13 años realizara un ingenioso invento para evitar la matanza de leones. Su historia es inspiradora.

No tiene ni una carrera universitaria, ni un doctorado, nunca ha estudiado nada que tenga que ver con la biología o la zoología y apenas tiene 13 años, pero Richard Turere, un joven adolescente de la etnia masái que vive al sur del Parque Nacional de Nairobi, en Kenia (África), ha ideado la manera de mantener alejados a los leones del ganado y además no causarles ningún tipo de daño.

En el lugar donde vive Richard es frecuente que los animales se muevan libremente, el Parque no está acotado de ninguna manera-, por lo que en ocasiones los leones llegan a los pastos en los que los masáis tienen a su ganado y suele haber conflicto entre los atacantes, que intentan cazar a las piezas, y los defensores que intentan protegerlas.

En la cultura de este pueblo tradicional está desde niños el cuidado del ganado cueste lo que cueste, por lo que ha habido numerosas muertes de leones en los últimos años. Hasta que Richard ha dado con la solución a fuerza de prueba y error. Consciente de que los animales suelen tener miedo del humano y del fuego, primero intentó dejar hogueras encendidas alrededor del ganado para ahuyentarlos, pero no funcionó. De hecho, les servía para encontrar más rápido a sus víctimas. Después plantó un espantapájaros para que los leones creyeran que había humanos y se espantaran, pero tampoco sirvió de mucho porque al ver que no estaba en movimiento no le tenían miedo.

Finalmente llegó a la conclusión que la mejor manera era mezclar los dos elementos, después de estar paseando con una antorcha encendida durante la noche y que no se atrevieran a acercarse. La solución era la luz en movimiento. Así, pese a no tener conocimiento de electrónica, construyó un panel solar, conectado a la batería de un coche viejo, que se carga durante el día y al que se le añade un transformador, un interruptor y unas bombillas. El resultado es un sistema de luces intermitentes que rodean el perímetro y dan la sensación de que hay personas caminando con linternas, por lo que los depredadores no se atreven a acercarse.

El invento ha tenido tanto éxito que se ha adoptado en todo el país y el Gobierno le ha premiado con una beca de estudio en un prestigioso colegio. Pero el objetivo del joven es llegar a ser ingeniero de aviación. Parece, desde luego, que imaginación no le falta.

Fuente: http://www.ultimasnoticias.com.ve/noticias/un-mundo/ingenio-nino-13-anos-ha-asombrado-al-mundo/

Imagén: https://aafroscandic.wordpress.com/2013/04/15/tedtalk-richard-turere-my-invention-that-made-peace-with-lions/

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Albinos en África: Persecusiones y Asesinatos

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DiocesisdeCanarias.es/27 de junio de 2016

Albinos en África

En Tanzania los albinos son víctimas de la superstición y la brujería del pueblo. Se cree que poseer una parte del cuerpo de un albino, reporta dinero y riqueza. Los niños son el principal objetivo de los asesinos. Muchos se han refugiado en la escuela primaria de Mitindo para huir de sus perseguidores. Los asesinatos empezaron en 2007 y la mayoría de los hechiceros de los pueblos están instigándolos.
Víctimas de la superstición, a menudo son secuestrados porque se cree que sus huesos tienen propiedades mágicas

ROMA
Piden al Papa que intervenga para que se acabe la discriminación de los albinos en el Congo. La iniciativa es de la Asociación para el desarrollo de las personas albinas en África, que pretende sensibilizar a las autoridades de la República Democrática del Congo sobre la situación de los albinos que son víctimas de la superstición y, sobre todo, porque en la región de Kivu son secuestrados y asesinados porque se cree que sus huesos tienen propiedades mágicas y taumatúrgicas. Además, como afirma la Radio Vaticana al comentar la iniciativa, «también las condiciones sanitarias de los albinos son críticas», porque son más sensibles y pueden desarrollar melanomas malignos y necesitan cremas solares y vestidos específicos para sobrevivir.

Benedicto XVI había intervenido al respecto durante su viaje a Benín, en noviembre del año 2011, como recordó el misionero comboniano Giulio Albanese ante los micrófonos de la Radio Vaticana: «el Papa tocó el problema incluso porque lo indicó el episcopado africano. Desde este punto de vista, se trata verdaderamente de cambiar página, pero no hay duda de que el único modo, de una forma u otra, para poner en marcha el rescate es el de insistir en la educación. No hay que olvidar que fenómenos de este tipo, aunque con connotaciones diferentes, también se verifican en nuestra casa, en Europa, en el sentido de que la magia es considerada por muchos como una práctica aceptable».

Tomado de: http://www.diocesisdecanarias.es/solidaridad/albinos-en-africa-persecuciones-y-asesinatos.html

Imagen: https://www.google.com/search?q=situacion+de+los+albinos+en+africa&espv=2&biw=1366&bih=667&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiD4MrKm8bNAhVMKh4KHXc4AKkQ_AUIBigB&dpr=1#imgrc=cv82QF83lSqPoM%3A

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Kenya: Teachers Sign Historic Deal on New Salaries

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Kenya: Teachers Sign Historic Deal on New Salaries

Africa/Kenia/Junio de 2016/All Africa

Resumen: Los maestros y su empleador firmaron el martes un acuerdo de negociación colectiva que introduce una indemnización diaria estándar para las personas que trabajan fuera de sus lugares de destino.El acuerdo, el primero entre los sindicatos y la Comisión de Administración maestros, está destinado a resolver los conflictos perennes más dietas y remuneración básica que han visto el aprendizaje regularmente perturbado debido a la huelga de los maestros.

By Ouma Wanzala and Rebecca Okwany

Teachers and their employer on Tuesday signed a Collective Bargaining Agreement that introduces a standard daily subsistence allowance for those working outside their duty stations.
The agreement, the first ever between the unions and the Teachers Service Commission, is meant to resolve perennial disputes over allowances and basic pay which have seen learning regularly disrupted owing to strikes by teachers.
A teacher in job group G (P1) in Nairobi, Mombasa, Kisumu, Malindi, Kilifi, Lamu, Kwale and Naivasha will now get a Sh6,300 daily subsistence allowance while those in job group P,Q and R in the same area will get Sh14,000.
P1 teachers in Nyeri, Eldoret, Kericho, Kakamega, Kisii, Embu, Nanyuki, Nakuru, Lodwar and Garissa will earn Sh4, 900 while a principal, senior principal and a chief principal in the same area will get Sh10,500.
Those in other areas will earn Sh4,200 for P1 while the principal, senior principal and chief principal will get Sh8, 400.
Those travelling to foreign countries will also receive daily subsistence allowances depending on the country, with the highest paid teacher travelling to Iraq earning Sh70,000 a day while the lowest paid teacher will get Sh52,500 .
Lesotho will attract the lowest rate with travellers there earning Sh21, 300 for the highest grade and Sh15, 400 for the lowest.
Previously, headteachers had absolute discretion on the allowances paid to teachers working out of their work stations but now the trips will have to be budgeted for by either the Treasury or the schools themselves.
The agreement, which was signed by Kenya National Union of Teachers secretary general Wilson Sossion and TSC chief executive Nancy Macharia, emphasises the over arching role of the Salaries and Remuneration Commission’s advice in determining allowances and basic pay.
NEGOTIATE BASIC SALARY
«The parties undertake to negotiate on the basic salary in the next cycle of negotiations,» says the agreement signed on the sidelines of the ongoing Kenya Secondary School Heads Association conference in Mombasa.
The agreement states that the highest paid teacher will continue to earn a basic salary of Sh109, 089 while the lowest paid will take home Sh16, 692 a month.However, they will benefit from scores of allowances including leave, commuter, responsibility, special school, readers /facilitation /aid, house and hardship allowances and medical benefit. The agreement was rushed to allow both parties to begin negotiations for another CBA starting next month to cater for the period between July 1, 2017 to June 30, 2021.
«It will remain in force and bind all parties until a new collective agreement is negotiated,» states the agreement, effectively blocking teachers from going on strike to press for higher pay.
Teachers have been depending on work boycotts to push for salary increments but the signing of CBAs binds them to wait for a four-year period before they can begin negotiations for an increment.
Both parties on Tuesday described the agreement as historic, saying it is the first in 48 years and would mark the start of a harmonious relationship between the two.
«From today, there is going to be harmonious relations between us and TSC. This is the first time TSC top management and KNUT have worked very closely to deliver a document that has eluded teachers of this country for the last 48 years,» said Mr Sossion.
DISPUTE RESOLUTION MECHANISM
He said the document had been well negotiated without coercion from either party, adding that the union was satisfied with it since it would protect the gains the unions have made with regard to teachers’ pay.
He said TSC had openly engaged the union in drawing up the document and that both parties had been having meetings since last month.
«This CBA formalises obligation of the parties and union members to adherence to the provisions of the Code of Regulations and Code of Conduct and Ethics for Teachers 2015 as the primary documents in the management of teachers,» said Mrs Macharia.
She added that it the document had re-stated the role of the SRC in the determination of remuneration payable to teachers in the public sector and would lead to the improvement of the quality of learning.
The CBA would also introduce an alternative dispute resolution mechanism so as to avoid strikes.
TSC chairperson Lydia Nzomo said TSC existed to protect learners and that one of the ways of doing so was by ensuring that learning was not disrupted by strikes.
«The learner is protected when industrial harmony is there and they are sure learning is taking place when they are supposed to learn and that they will get psychological and physical protection in schools,» said Dr Nzomo.
Dr Nzomo thanked Knut for working with TSC on the CBA.
Knut chairman Mr Mudzo Nzili said the CBA was proof of harmony between the union and the TSC.
More on This
Foto. : Laban Walloga / Daily Nation jefe de los profesores Comisión de Administración Nancy Macharia y Kenia Sindicato Nacional de Profesores de intercambio de copias Wilson Sossion Secretario General de la ACB que firmaron el 21 de junio 2016 a la playa del hotel Mombasa. En el fondo es TSC presidente Lidia Nzomo y de la izquierda es KNUT presidente Mudzo Nzili
Fuente: http://allafrica.com/stories/201606220129.html

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Kenya: Kenya to make secondary school education free

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Kenya: Kenya to make secondary school education free

Ministerio de Educación/Kenya/junio de 2016/IOL

RESUMEN: El presidente Uhuru Kenyatta, anunció el miércoles que el gobierno va a convertir la educación secundaria en escuelas públicas gratuitas en Kenia a partir de 2019.
Kenyatta dijo que su gobierno estaba resuelto a garantizar que todos los niños de las escuelas primarias de tránsito público a la escuela secundaria pública estudien sin tener que abandonar debido a problemas financieros. El presidente dijo que el presupuesto nacional publicado recientemente aumentó el gasto diario en educación secundaria en un 33 por ciento a 32 millones de chelines kenianos, y se prepara para hacer la educación secundaria universal y gratuita para garantizar el 100 por ciento de transición de primaria a secundaria.
«Estamos haciendo todo esto para mejorar la calidad de la educación y aliviar la carga de los padres mediante la eliminación de los obstáculos de acceso a la educación secundaria», dijo el presidente.

Por: Roseleen Nzioka
Mombasa – President Uhuru Kenyatta on Wednesday announced that the government will make secondary school education in public schools in Kenya free starting from 2019.
Kenyatta said his government was determined to ensure that all children in public primary schools transit into public secondary school without having to drop out due to financial problems.
The president said the recently released national budget increased the Free Day Secondary Education expenditure by 33 percent to 32 billion Kenyan shillings as it prepares to make universal secondary education free to ensure 100 percent transition from primary to secondary school.
“We are doing all this to improve the quality of education and ease the burden on parents by removing impediments of access to secondary education,” the president said.
President Kenyatta was speaking in Mombasa where he addressed the 41st Kenya Secondary School Heads Association (KESSHA) annual national conference.
He told the gathering of head teachers and principals that they must embrace prudent management of the funds.
“Prudence is not limited to funds disbursed by the Government – this includes funds collected from parents as well. As accounting officers in your institutions, you are fully responsible for management of the resources,” President Kenyatta told the secondary school heads.
He traced the introduction of Free Day Secondary Education back to 2008 when the government started paying a subsidy of Sh10,265 (US$102.65) for each student a year, saying the scaling up of the figure to Sh12,870 (US$128) in 2015 had seen a phenomenal growth in enrollment in high schools.
“The Free Day Secondary Education programme has paid handsome dividends – transition rates from primary to secondary schools have improved substantially from 60 percent in 2008 to 86.7 percent in 2015,” President Kenyatta said.
The central place of education in national development is crucial, the president said, adding that the government would continue to invest heavily in education.
On national examinations, the president said the government had undertaken far-reaching actions aimed at improving administration of the national tests.
“My government has embarked on critical changes in streamlining examination administration so that cases of cheating are eradicated,” the president said.
He said there would be harsh punishment for those who cheat and those who abet the vice, citing a 10-year jail term for the culprits.
The president said as the country takes a leap into national prosperity, Kenya requires a critical mass of knowledgeable and skilled citizens to deal with the challenges of the this century.
President Kenyatta challenged the school heads to sharpen the social skills and attitudes of the students saying: “The youth require guidance and understanding, not judgment and condemnation to be able to navigate through this turbulent period of their lives.”
Education Cabinet Secretary Fred Matiang’i said his ministry would ensure that exams are administered in a credible manner to guard against cheating and other malpractices.
Matiang’i said his ministry is also improving infrastructure in schools so that students can learn in a conducive environment that would boost the success of education.
Other speakers at the event included Mombasa Governor Hassan Joho, teacher unions’ officials and head teachers’ association chairman John Awiti.
Earlier in the day at State House, Mombasa, President Kenyatta had met with top officials of the two teachers’ unions, Kenya National Union of Teachers (KNUT) and Kenya Union of Post Primary Education Teachers (KUPPET) and the teachers’ employer, the Teachers Service Commission.
Kenyatta applauded the two unions for the recent signing of a Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA) with the Teachers Service Commission which put to rest years of disruptive strikes by teachers over their salaries.
Kenyatta praised the landmark agreement that covers 2013 – 2017, saying for the first time there was a platform on which future discussions and negotiations between the employee (unions) and the employer (TSC) would be held.
He added: “As you will recall, a few months ago I asked the TSC and the Kenya National Union of Teachers (KNUT) to sit together as reasonable people and find a way forward in establishing a harmonious relation in the education sector.”
The CBA, signed on Tuesday, introduces, among other things, an alternative dispute resolution mechanism that will end the perennial strikes that have dogged the education sector in the past.
The head of state pointed out that harmonious relations between the TSC and teachers’ unions cannot exist in an environment of confrontation. The two must look for a way that will ensure the education of Kenyan children is not put at risk, especially during their crucial time when they are doing their exams, he said.
President Kenyatta also assured the teachers as well as other public servants that his government was committed to safeguarding their welfare.
TSC Chairperson Lydia Nzomo said the CBA protects the pupils by ensuring that they learn in an environment where there is industrial harmony.
Union officials said that for the first time teachers have a pact with their employer that fully protects their rights.
KNUT Secretary General Wilson Sossion and Chairman Mudzo Nzili said the successful implementation of the CBA would entrench the tripartite relationship between the government, the TSC and the KNUT to deliver high quality education.
File photo: Kenya’s President Uhuru Kenyatta. Credit: AP

Fuente: http://www.iol.co.za/news/africa/kenya-to-make-secondary-school-education-free-2037775

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Africa: This New Institute will Train 10,000 Kenyan Healthcare Workers

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Africa/allafrica/22 de Junio de 2016

As part of a commitment to supporting sustainable healthcare development in Kenya, GE recently inaugurated the brand new $13 million GE Healthcare Skills and Training Institute, an education facility for healthcare professionals. The $13 million investment provides localized human capital development capabilities and builds on the Kenya’s health ministry’s ongoing $420 million health modernization program, which has new impact data demonstrating improved access to radiology services for patients and increased operational performance. Find out more about GE in Africa in this BRIEFING.

Fuente: http://allafrica.com/view/group/main/main/id/00044086.html

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