América del Norte

Por: Lilia D. Monzó y Peter McLaren

Resumen:

Este artículo que nos refiere estos dos autores expresan que las concepciones sociales del amor, la sexualidad y la familia están profundamente implicados en el sostenimiento de las relaciones sociales capitalistas. Enamorarse puede ser descrito como un evento de euforia que regocija y excita, pero sus cualidades perdurables y su potencial para que nos conecta a otro y para nuestra propia humanidad se pierde bajo una estructura capitalista que se basa en la desigualdad las relaciones de propiedad y de dominación, por tanto, en lugar de disfrutarlo, vivimos nuestras vidas tratando de arrebatar momentos de «amor» en una vida de otra manera rutinaria del narcisismo y la auto indulgencia con poca comprensión de lo que significa realmente amor – a valorar y respetar a los otros significantes, es decir, para crear un universo social fuera de la producción de valor a tierra en una interculturalidad, el respeto a la diversidad. La dominación y la opresión bajo dependencia mercantilización de las relaciones sociales capitalistas forman la base de numerosas instituciones de la sociedad, incluyendo el matrimonio y la familia patriarcal, en el que el amor se genera en los pantanos fétidos de la producción de valor para convertirse en una mercancía sujeto a los acuerdos contractuales necesarios para la subsistencia y se utilizan para controlar los cuerpos de las mujeres (y sus corazones y almas) en algunos contextos a través de los canales legales y en otros a través de un proceso hegemónico de «persuasión.» El patriarcado es, pues, en complicidad con la producción capitalista, ya que la dominación de los hombres las mujeres y los niños se convierte en el instrumento necesario para que se llegue a la próxima generación de trabajadores dóciles al servicio del capitalista.

Our societal conceptions of love, sexuality, and family are deeply implicated in the sustenance of capitalist social relations. Falling in love can be described as a euphoric event that exhilarates and excites but its enduring qualities and its potential for connecting us to anOther and to our own humanity is forfeited under the su!ocating con»nes of a capitalist structure that is founded on unequal relations of ownership and domination. Instead of luxuriating in love, in the possibility that love engenders, we live our lives attempting to snatch moments of “love” in an otherwise routinized life of narcissism and self indulgence with little understanding of what it means to truly love – to value and respect one’s signi»cant others but also to create a foundation for social justice outside of one’s immediate interests. #at is, to create a social universe outside of value production grounded in an interculturalism, respect for diversity, and a “régimen de desarrollo” that fosters “el buen vivir” by requiring all of us to exercise social responsibility in the communities in which we live and labor. Structural and structuring relations of exploitation, domination, and oppression under the commodifying thrall of capitalist social relations form the basis of numerous institutions in society, including marriage and the patriarchal family, wherein love is spawned in the fetid swamplands of value production to become a commodity subject to contractual agreements necessary for subsistence and used to control women’s bodies (and their hearts and souls) in some contexts through legal channels and in others through a hegemonic process of “persuasion.” Patriarchy is thus complicit with capitalist production, since men’s domination of women and children becomes a necessary means by which to ensure the next generation of docile workers in the service of the capitalist.

Whereas men can presume to escape their life of slave labor when they enter the family home, women as wives and mothers have an ever-present sense that their lives are not their own and they face the humiliating awareness of living overpowered by the hidden privilege and domination of the men who claim to love them most. #e dehumanization inherent in our current gender relations is evidenced in the atrocious reality that the world shows little remorse in the systemic violence waged daily against women in the form of rape, domestic abuse, and an unparalleled hyper exploitation that a$icts primarily women of color in windowless sweatshops and sex dungeons. We are made into the Other of man (human being) through the western male deformation of our ontological and epistemological clarity and through processes of fragmentation and restriction. #e link between women’s oppression and patriarchy, gender relations in the family, and capitalism make clear that the struggle for women’s liberation is one and the same as class struggle. Unfortunately, Feminist movements have too o%en relied upon notions of equality de»ned within capitalist structures. #at is, they seek equality in terms of pay and value, and to break down the cultural imperialism that relegates women to a subordinate ontological and epistemological status. While this is a critical ethical «ght, we would argue that it seeks an ethical and moral stance within a structure of society that is above all unethical and lacking in moral coherence. Capitalism is foundationally an unequal system of domination and ownership. To attempt to «nd equality and an ethical moral stance within such a system is to set ourselves up for failure or to accept the semblance of “equality” for middle-class women who may be able to dictate their own individual experiences, while forgoing the grander plight for the emancipation of all women, across race and other di!erences. Heather Brown (2013) reveals that Karl Marx had begun to examine the question of women’s oppression in society and that he recognized gender relations in the family as a microcosm of the oppressive relations between workers, noting that women’s equality would be a necessary component of a socialist revolution. Alexandra Kollontai, a Marxist and Bolshevik in the Russian Revolution took up this argument, calling for the uni»cation of class struggle and women’s liberation and calling for a reconceptualization of love, sexuality, and the family within socialism. Love within her red pedagogy was not a binding material contract but “a new communist sexual morality of free, open and equal relations of love and comradship” (Ebert, 2014, para. 16). Kollontai argued that love was a social concern determined by material conditions. In Kollontai’s words: Love is a profoundly social emotion. Love is not in the least a private mat- Iberoamérica Social 50 Dic 2014 ter concerning only the two loving persons: love possesses an uniting element which is valuable to the collective. Kollontai argued that this transformed social relation must be supported by measures that would support women economically so that they would not be dependent «nancially on men and that would support childcare and the development of the new generation, without overburdening, isolating, or truncating women’s creative potential for personal growth, as has been too o%en the case in capitalist societies. Unfortunately, Kollontai’s signi» cant and transformative contributions were quickly distorted and turned into an ideological version of “free love” that suggested promiscuity, e!ectively discrediting her revolutionary and emancipatory ideas. We argue that Kollontai’s work must be resuscitated in our quest for anti-capitalist struggle and women’s emancipation. In a similar vein, Allain Badiou conceptualizes love as moving beyond the self-focused moment of ecstasy experienced in sex. He explains: “In love… you go to take on the other, to make her or him exist with you, as he or she is… [It] is a quest for truth… from the perspective of diference (p. 19-23).” Although Badiou rejects the notion that love is synonymous with revolution, (hate, he argues, is also an aspect of revolution), he proposes that communism has the potential to free us up for the possibility of love and the possibilities that this emotion engenders in society. We heed seriously the warning put forth by others that not only must women’s liberation be an important factor in revolution but that we must move the struggle forward now so that the people can at least begin to question and transform existing social relations within the family and therefore raise a new generation willing to consider transformative, liberatory, and humanly satisfying ways of conceiving love, sexuality, and the family. Our goal is a world free from the slave labor and the atrocities committed in the name of capital accumulation and one where every person can value the unique ontological and epistemological reality that women bring and where a woman can live with dignity and free from fear and humiliation and develop her potential in service of creating an ever increasingly ethical, moral, and humane world. Here we can move more steadfastly towards developing a relational and structural transformation of society that cultivates gender &uidity, cultural heterogeneity, participative self-representation, communitarian forms of authority, mutual legitimacy, equality, plurinationality, and a refoundation of the modern state built upon Iberoamérica Social 51 Dic 2014 direct democracy. #e revolution begins now!

Referencias

Badiou, A. (2009). In praise of love. #e New Press.

Brown, H. (2013). Marx on gender and the family: A critical study. Haymarket books. Ebert, T. (2014). Alexandra Kollontai and red love. Solidarity: A socialist, feminist, anti- -racist organization. Retrieved http://www.solidarity-us.org/node/1724

Kollontai, A. (1921). «Theses on communist morality in the sphere of marital relations. Retrieved https://www.marxists.org/archive/kollonta/1921/theses-morality.htm

Lilia D. Monzo (Canadá) Doctora en Educación por la Southern California, USA. Docente en la Universidad de Chapman, California, Estados Unidos.

Peter McLaren (Canadá) Doctor en Educación por la Universidad de Toronto, Canadá. Docente en la Universidad de Chapman, California, Estados Unidos.