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UAM: Rumbo a una crisis de legitimidad

A mediados de los 70, Jürgen Habermas escribió Legitimation Crisis. No se refería sólo a la política, incluía al gobierno de instituciones. Afirmó que una organización entra en crisis de legitimidad cuando pierde o merma sus capacidades para mantener estructuras eficientes para alcanzar sus fines.

Si bien los sucesos de la semana pasada culminan una etapa de deterioro que viene de tiempo atrás, el proceso de designación del nuevo rector de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana incide en el malestar de la comunidad.Eduardo Abel Peñalosa Castroarriba al cargo con un déficit de legitimidad debido al procedimiento de la Junta Directiva.

La irritación entre diversos actores de la UAM no es gratuita. Las protestas abundan en charlas de pasillo, redes sociales y comunicaciones formales. Me apego a hechos verificables:

La Junta sesionó con siete de nueve miembros. El Colegio Académico no escogió a quien sustituiría a Enrique de la Garza Toledo. Otra integrante estaba fuera del país.

El tiempo de auscultación fue breve, insuficiente para escuchar todas las voces que querían expresar sus puntos de vista.

Sin explicación razonable, la Junta sólo citó a tres de 12 candidatos para escuchar sus propuestas. Por primera vez en su historia no convocó a ningún rector en ejercicio. Tampoco a quienes cabían en el supuesto de que cumplirían 70 años durante su rectorado.

Tras concluir las entrevistas, el 28 de junio, los miembros de la Junta comieron, luego sesionaron y en menos de cuatro horas acordaron designar al nuevo rector.

¿A qué hora leyeron los cientos de comunicados de colegas que no pudieron auscultarse en persona, pero enviaron por escrito sus opiniones? ¿Por qué tomaron una decisión trascendente con tanta premura?

Esta concatenación de hechos levanta sospechas entre la comunidad. La primera: buena parte del proceso fue una finta para justificar —que no legitimar— una decisión tomada con anterioridad. Los más desconfiados aseguran que fue para garantizar la continuidad. Claro, el grupo dominante hubiera preferido a Norberto Manjarrez. Pero, en caso de que él no pudiera transitar —por el doctorado fraudulento— Eduardo Peñalosa representaba el plan “B”.

Además de las quejas de profesores y trabajadores, en un hecho inédito, cuatro rectores de Unidad —Patricia Alfaro Moctezuma, Xochimilco; Octavio Nateras Domínguez, Iztapalapa; Romualdo López Zárate, Azcapotzalco; y Emilio Sordo Zabay, Lerma— que aspiraban a conducir a la UAM, dirigieron una carta a la Junta. En ésta expresaron que varios de los aspirantes cuentan con una “sólida trayectoria académica y administrativa y con apoyos significativos evidentes por parte de la comunidad”. Consideran que la decisión es injustificable y que “va en contra del espíritu universitario de apertura e intercambio de ideas”. Además, que “profundiza aún más el ambiente de crisis por el que transcurre nuestra institución”.

El panorama es grave. A pesar de los esfuerzos del rector saliente, Salvador Vega, y su grupo, en su sesión del 29 de junio, el Colegio Académico no aprobó los estados financieros de 2016. Se exhibieron controversias entre el contralor y las autoridades. Éste manifestó que tuvo limitaciones para realizar su labor. Todo agranda la desconfianza.

El malestar en la UAM es mayúsculo. No puede decirse que esté en una crisis. La institución es sólida e inteligente; tiene normas y reglas que se cumplen, pero cada vez es más complicado mantener armonía en la comunidad. El grupo dirigente la mantiene llena de agravios. Quizá, si no hay correctivos institucionales, entonces sí, pronto enfrente una crisis de legitimidad.

Retazos

Más leña a la hoguera: Oscar Terrazas Revilla, el decano de la Junta, renunció a ella este jueves.

Fuente:

UAM: Rumbo a una crisis de legitimidad

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Education Cannot Wait – a fund for education in emergencies: Statement by the Global Campaign for Education

By CLADE

462 million school-aged children – or one in four around the world – live in countries affected by crisis. 75 million are either in danger of, or are already, missing out on their right to a free, quality education. Education empowers and promotes resilience, provides a safe space and stability, is fundamental for children, youth and adults to tackle emergencies, and breaks the cycle of conflict.

Supporting children and young people living in some of the world’s most difficult contexts has proven to be a serious challenge: in 2015, only 12% of children identified as living in conflict situations were reached by humanitarian funding dedicated to education. Efforts must be redoubled if the world is to meet its shared ambition to leave no one behind.

As such, the Global Campaign for Education welcomes the launch of the Education Cannot Wait fund for education in emergencies, which was announced at the World Humanitarian Summit in Istanbul, Turkey, 23-24 May 2016. The fund aims to reach more than 13.6 million children and young people living in crisis situations, such as conflict, natural disasters and disease outbreaks, with quality education over the next five years, and 75 million by 2030. GCE believes that the new fund constitutes an historic opportunity to fund the future by ensuring access to quality education for some of the world’s most vulnerable children and young people.

The European Union, the Netherlands, Norway, the United Kingdom, and the United States have all made financial contributions for the first year of the fund so far, with Denmark indicating its willingness to make a financial contribution in 2017. The fund’s target for the first year is US$150 million, with an overall ambition of achieving $3.5 billion over a five-year period; by the close of the World Humanitarian Summit, just over 50% of the year one target had been pledged.

GCE welcomes these pledges and will be holding governments to account by analysing these commitments in the coming days. It is crucial to ensure that new monies have been pledged, and that countries supporting the new Fund do not double-count commitments, such as those made during the February 2016 Syria Conference, or draw back their support from existing mechanisms, such as the Global Partnership for Education.

Similarly, GCE urges those governments making pledges to the new fund to commit to delivering the vision of equitable, inclusive and free quality education to which they have pledged for every child in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Education 2030 Framework for Action; all children, young people and adults have the same rights, and these rights should not be compromised for those living in crisis contexts. We particularly call on governments to ensure that public funds dedicated to education are used for quality, public provision and systems, and not to support for-profit private companies seeking to draw financial profit from humanitarian crises. This practice, known as ‘disaster capitalism’, has already been applied in several cases and contexts, and has proven to be profoundly detrimental to the realisation of human rights. For the right to education, it places quality, equity, and inclusion in serious jeopardy.

GCE also welcomes the fund’s commitment to being inclusive and transparent in its own governance. We call on the fund to adhere to the principle of engaging with and including civil society, both in its own governance arrangements and in its ways of working on the ground. The voice of citizens is vital to ensuring that its work is well-informed, and held accountable by those it seeks to serve.

GCE submitted its own pledge to the World Humanitarian Summit. The pledge encompassed building civil society capacity in countries afflicted by disaster and conflict to ensure citizens are involved in sector planning in and for such contexts, as well as monitoring education financing and delivery. At local, national, regional and international levels, GCE is also committed to advocating for increased and additional resources for education in emergencies and crises, and monitoring such commitments and delivery of services.

The statement above can be downloaded in English.

Source:

http://www.campaignforeducation.org/en/news/global/view/679-education-cannot-wait-a-fund-for-education-in-emergencies-statement-by-the-global-campaign-for-education

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Combating global poverty with education

By: Sarwar Md. Saifullah Khaled

Education is at the core of progress in all fields in the world. Its role in eradicating poverty through equitable distribution of income and achieving progress and prosperity can hardly be over-emphasised. There is no alternative to education to achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) to alleviating poverty by 2030. A new United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) policy paper shows that the global poverty rate could be more than halved if all adults completed secondary school.

But new data from the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) show persistently high out-of-school rates in many countries. This makes it likely that completion levels in education will remain well below the target for generations to come. The paper titled ‘Reducing global poverty through universal primary and secondary education’ is being released ahead of the UN High Level Political Forum (10-19 July), which will focus on poverty eradication in pursuit of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (ASD).

The paper demonstrates the importance of recognising universal primary and secondary education as a core lever for ending poverty in all its forms everywhere in the world. UNESCO Director-General Irina Bokova was quoted as saying in a message received from Paris that the new analysis on education’s far-reaching benefits should be good news for all those working on the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) to eradicate poverty by 2030. She said, «It shows we have a concrete plan to ensure people no longer have to live on barely a few dollars a day».

The new analysis on education’s impact on poverty and income inequality by the UNESCO’s Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Report team is based on average effects of education on growth and poverty reduction in developing countries from 1965 to 2010. It shows nearly 60 million people of the world could escape poverty if all adults had just two more years of schooling. If all adults completed secondary education, 420 million could be lifted out of poverty in the world, reducing the total number of poor people by more than half globally and by almost two-thirds in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Studies have shown that education has direct and indirect impacts on both economic growth and poverty.

Education provides skills that boost employment opportunities and incomes of people while it helps protect people from socio-economic vulnerabilities. A more equitable expansion of education globally is likely to reduce inequality of income, lifting the poorest from the bottom of the income ladder. Despite education’s immense potential, the new UIS data show that there has been virtually no progress globally in reducing out-of-school rates in recent years. Nine per cent of all children of primary school age globally are still denied of their right to education with rates reaching 16 per cent and 37 per cent for youth of lower and upper secondary ages, respectively. In total, 264 million children, adolescents and youth were out of school in 2015.

Sub-Saharan Africa remains the region with the highest out-of-school rates for all age groups. More than half (57 per cent) of all youth between the ages of 15 and 17 are not in school, as are more than one-third (36 percent) of adolescents between 12 and 14 years and one-fifth (21 percent) of children between the ages of about 6 and 11. Six countries, namely Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, Pakistan and Sudan are home to more than one-third of all out-of-school children of primary age. Of the 61 million children of primary school age currently out of school, 17 million will never to set foot in a classroom if current trends continue. This affects one in three children out of school in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Asia and Northern Africa, and more than one in four of those in Central Asia and Southern Asia.

Girls in poor countries continue to face barriers to education. According to UIS data, in low-income countries, compared to almost 9 million of boys, more than 11 million girls of primary age are out of school. But the good news is that the girls who do manage to start school at primary level tend to complete the primary cycle and pursue their studies at the secondary level.

Education must reach the poorest to maximise its benefits and reduce global income inequality. Yet the GEM Report shows that children from the poorest 20 per cent of families are eight times as likely to be out of school as children from the richest 20 per cent in lower middle-income countries like Bangladesh. Those of primary and secondary school age in the poorest countries are nine times as likely to be out of school as those in the richest countries.

While urging countries to improve the quality of education, the paper stressed the need to reduce direct and indirect costs of education for families. New UIS data confirm that many households still have to bear expenses relating to education, totalling US $87 per child for primary education in Ghana, US $151 per child in Côte d’Ivoire and US $680 in El Salvador. This is higher in comparison to the level of cost that they can afford comfortably.

Source:

http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/2017/07/02/75725/Combating-global-poverty-with-education

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Lack of sex education hurts female labor migrants

Ana P. Santos

Getting pregnant has little to do with promiscuity but everything has to do with ignorance.

On the wall hung a framed cartoon of a perplexed obstetrician looking at the patient sitting up on the examination table. The patient was a mermaid.

Dr Christine Felding translated the Danish cartoon for me as talking about how an obstetrician needs to be prepared to see all kinds of patients and we both had a laugh.

It wasn’t exactly what I expected to find in an abortion clinic. Till then, my experience with abortions in the Philippines had been limited to dark back alleys and eccentric hilots (roughly translated, a masseuse) who claimed to have the power to induce an abortion through magical chants.

I was in Denmark where abortions are legal up to the 12th week of pregnancy and where women’s health clinics like the one I was in treat patients for a full circle of sexual health conditions: pregnancy, infertility, and reproductive health diseases. Included in this bundle is medical abortion.

Dr Felding’s clinic was made up of white walls with pictures of flowers and witty cartoons and windows where warm sunlight streamed through. In the waiting room, I could sit by the window and have a full view of the tree-lined streets of Rungsted, a very affluent suburb just outside Copenhagen.

SURPISED. Dr. Christine Felding was surprised to see that it was mostly young Filipino women coming to her clinic for abortion services. Photo by Ana P. Santos/Rappler

SURPISED. Dr. Christine Felding was surprised to see that it was mostly young Filipino women coming to her clinic for abortion services. Photo by Ana P. Santos/Rappler

I was there to see Dr Felding who had been cited in news reports as saying that most of her patients coming in to get an abortion were Filipino women.

I came there to get behind the why. I wasn’t convinced that the young Filipino women who came to Denmark to work as au pairson a cultural exchange program had a monopoly on sexual liaisons.

«When I ask them about contraception, they say they haven’t heard of it or don’t use it. When I ask them why, they say it’s because they’re Catholic,» Dr Felding told me.

Unplanned pregnancies beyond borders

I’ve had variations of this conversation in other parts of the world highlighting the problem of unplanned pregnancies among female migrant workers.

On one hand, this is somewhat an extension of what is happening in the Philippines where one out of 4 pregnancies is unplanned and the rate of teen pregnancy is soaring.

Our conservative and prudish refusal to teach sex education is hurting our migrant women. It is leaving them unprepared for the physical and psychological realities of living abroad.

Having an unplanned pregnancy at home in the Philippines can set off a chain of events with a list of long-term health and economic ramifications.

Imagine having an unplanned pregnancy as a migrant worker in a foreign country where your earning capacity is directly tied to you being able to work in your host country. In some cases, you may not even be there legally.

An unplanned pregnancy puts you in a very tight corner where only hard choices are left.

In Denmark, where many Filipino migrant workers fall into the category of au pairs on a cultural exchange program, the employment contract stipulates that au pairs must be single and must not have children.

Before Danish laws softened in 2015, a pregnancy automatically meant employment termination for the au pair and deportation.

Currently, a pregnant au pair can stay in Denmark for the duration of her pregnancy and up to two months after – provided that her host family/employer allows it.

In Gulf countries where more than two million Filipino migrant workers are deployed, an unplanned pregnancy has even more dire consequences.

Pregnancy outside a legal marriage is a criminal act. It is a violation of zina laws patterned after Islamic legal tradition which define any act of illicit sexual intercourse between a man and woman as unlawful.

Collectively known as «love cases», acts such as unmarried sex, pregnancy outside of marriage and adultery are punishable by imprisonment of up to one year. If the offender is a Muslim, the sentence will carry an additional punishment of 100 lashes. Married Muslim offenders will be sentenced to death by stoning.

Both men and women can be charged with the crime of zina, but since it is only women who get pregnant, it is mostly women who are prosecuted.

In Dubai, there are reports of babies being abandoned at hospitals so unmarried mothers can avoid detention. Alongside this are stories of women giving birth at home, of clandestine arrangements with doctors who agree to perform pre-natal checkups on unmarried patients without reporting them to the authorities. A higher consultation fee is paid to buy their silence.

Human Rights Watch is calling for the abolition of zina laws, calling them archaic, inhumane and unjust because they are discriminately applied and disproportionately affect low-skilled migrant women.

On a recent reporting trip to Doha last May, I visited two jails and saw that the women detained with their children for breaking zinalaws were mostly domestic workers from the Philippines, Bangladesh, and India.

Overlooked and absent

There are no official statistics on the number of Filipino migrant women who have unplanned pregnancies, but the reports from the different countries attest to its high level of occurrence.

If we trace back the causes, we will find ourselves with the basics: the absence of adequate sex education.

I’ll go even further to include the dichotomy of our social conditioning that excessively romanticizes relationships and motherhood, but stigmatizes contraception and slut-shamesanyone who needs to use it.

You may argue that other labor-sending countries don’t have a stellar record as far as progressive sex education is concerned and that is true. But neither do they have the record of having one of the best practices when it comes to migrant worker support.

The Philippines has been applauded as having successfully institutionalized a labor exportation policy that prioritizes the welfare of its citizens. This is supported by the mandatory orientation seminars and the presence of welfare offices in countries with a large Filipino migrant population.

In Doha, for example, when I visited the jails, the lady guards automatically assumed I was from the embassy. When I told them I wasn’t, they said that it is only the Philippine embassy that regularly sends officers to visit detained citizens, monitor their cases and provide legal advice.

But clearly, there is one aspect of protection that we are overlooking. Reproductive health education needs to be integrated in a migrant woman’s preparation for her life abroad.

On the average, a Filipino female migrant worker is between 25 to 29 years old, and for the most part, single with dependents. The typical duration of an employment contract is two years. It is not realistic to expect that a migrant worker will not explore romantic relationships during that time.

Being away from family and friends compound feelings of homesickness and loneliness. Adjusting to a new place, a foreign culture and a language you do not speak add to the isolation.

It is natural to seek out companionship of friends or other like-minded individuals. Romantic relations may be viewed as a welcome distraction and a form of validation.

However, what seems less obvious is that intimate relationships do not need to result in pregnancies.

Love, romance, sex education

There is a need to equip our migrant women with information about reproductive health information and reinforce the consequences of unplanned pregnancy for a labor migrant.

This gap can be filled by distributing information at the various touch points labor migrants are required to cross before they leave the country.

One is the pre-departure orientation seminar (PDOS) required by the Philippine Overseas Employment Agency. As required by law, an HIV 101 module is already integrated in the PDOS; a reproductive health segment can be easily tucked on.

Direct hires can be informed at the OFW desks in the airports where their employment documents are screened. Recruitment agencies where a lot of people spend a lot of time lining up may also be another channel.

To be clear, I am not talking about a medical brochure with illustrations of a uterus. Neither do I envision something pornographic or bordering on salacious. I do envision a graphic romance novel written as a friendly non-judgmental narrative and presented in the language that the migrant worker is most familiar with.

I imagine it to be a story framed around the complicated realities of falling in love and managing relationships as a female migrant worker. I expect it to be entertaining as well as educational.

Just like any other bit of information that needs to be learned, social media can be utilized to amplify this information in channels that OFWs can access even while overseas.

In more liberal host countries like Denmark, there could be informal sessions and workshops on relationship and cultural norms similar to those dating workshops given to refugee men in Norway.

Not promiscuous just ignorant

Clearly, something must be done to address the problem.

Dr Felding seemed pensive and wistful when she talked to me about the Filipino au pairs who came to her clinic.

Her clinical experience gave her the perspective of two different worlds: one where Danish women are empowered to make decisions about their bodies and another where Filipino women are clueless and left to suffer the consequences.

In the case of the latter, getting pregnant had little to do with promiscuity but everything had to do with ignorance.

«I’ve always said that when that plane from Manila comes in, the au pairs should already have a pill in their mouth,» Dr Felding said.

Sadly, a pill in your mouth or a condom in your bag won’t be of much help unless you have the information on how to use it. – Rappler.com

Reporting for this piece was supported by the Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting in Washington, D.C.

Source:

http://www.rappler.com/thought-leaders/174450-lack-sex-education-hurt-female-labor-migrants

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15 denuncias de violencia de género cada día en los juzgados

Por:

El País Vasco presenta una tasa de 11,83 mujeres víctimas de violencia machista por cada 10.000 mujeres.

Los juzgados vascos reciben de media15 denuncias al día mujeres por maltrato de sus parejas o exparejas, según los datos facilitados este lunes por el Observatorio contra la Violencia Doméstica y de Género del Consejo General del Poder Judicial. Así, durante el primer trimestre se registraron 1.333 denuncias, todas ellas de mujeres.  En el conjunto del Estado, de las 40.509 denuncias recogidas, 38.018 correspondían a mujeres.

El País Vasco presenta una tasa de 11,83 mujeres víctimas de violencia de género por cada 10.000 mujeres, por debajo de la media del resto de España, que es de 16,03.

Durante el primer trimestre del año, se incoaron en Euskadi 208 órdenes de protección, de las que siete no fueron admitidas. Además, los órganos judiciales ordenaron la puesta en marcha de 111 órdenes de protección de las víctimas de violencia de genero y se denegaron 90 solicitudes.

Según refleja este Observatorio, un total de 149 mujeres vascas, es decir el 11,2 % de las que denunciaron ser víctimas de violencia machista, se acogieron a la dispensa legal de declarar.

La víctima denuncia

La mayoría de las 1.333 denuncias presentadas por este motivo en Euskadi entre enero y marzo fueron interpuestas por la propia víctima (838 casos), mientras que la Policía hizo lo propio 389 veces y los familiares de la mujer en 15 ocasiones.

En lo que va de año 29 mujeres han sido asesinadas por su pareja o expareja en España (uno de los casos aún en investigación), lo que supone un aumento del 47 % respecto al mismo periodo de 2016, una lacra que también se ha llevado por delante la vida de seis niños.

Fuente: http://www.eldiario.es/norte/euskadi/denuncias-violencia-genero-dia-juzgados_0_656885422.html

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El 60% de los profesores europeos no usan el audiovisual en el aula

Por: Redem

El estudio FilmEd (2015) elaborado por el Gabinete de Comunicación y Educación (UAB) para la Comisión Europea revela el escaso uso del audiovisual en las escuelas europeas.

La utilización de cine y otros contenidos audiovisuales en la escuela europea, el nivel de penetración de la alfabetización audiovisual en los currículos nacionales, las dificultades que enfrenta el profesorado al utilizar este tipo de recursos y la complejidad de la regulación de derechos derivados de las obras, son explicados de forma sistemática en el más reciente estudio coordinado por el Gabinete de Comunicación y Educación de la UAB.

FilmEd,  “Film Education in Europe: Showing Films and other audio-visual content in European Schools  – Obstacles and Best Practices”, es el resultado de una extensa investigación realizada por un consorcio dirigido por el Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona y compuesto por el European Think Tank on Film and Film Policy, CUMEDIAE (Culture and Media Agency Europe) y la AEDE (European Association of Teachers). El estudio, que describe la situación de los 28 Estados miembros, los socios de la EEA y Suiza, constituye una radiografía consistente de la alfabetización audiovisual en Europa.

La estructura del informe presenta un análisis desde tres puntos de vista. El primer capítulo describe la situación en la escuela, desde la perspectiva de los profesores, por medio de una encuesta global respondida por más de 6.000 educadores europeos. El análisis es complementado por el análisis de buenas prácticas en el continente y por entrevistas realizadas a expertos nacionales e internacionales en el marco de diferentes eventos, como las FilmEd Learning Experiences, celebradas en la Filmoteca de Cataluña en junio de 2014.

El segundo capítulo da cuenta de la perspectiva de la industria cultural frente a la utilización de recursos audiovisuales, sobre todo de cine, en la escuela. Este capítulo se construye a partir entrevistas en profundidad a entidades representativas del sector, así como por medio de un cuestionario transversal respondido por más de 100 expertos en la materia. Finalmente, en la tercera parte, se entrega un complejo análisis sobre la Directiva Europea de Servicios Audiovisuales de 2010 y su relación con la legislación comunitaria y de los Estados miembros frente a los derechos de autor y los limitantes para la utilización de los trabajos audiovisuales en el aula.

El estudio se acompaña de una serie de recomendaciones a la Comisión Europea para el fomento de la alfabetización audiovisual y la utilización de películas y otros contenidos audiovisuales en la escuela europea.

A grandes rasgos, la utilización de audiovisuales en la escuela europea es ocasional. Así lo estima el 54% de los profesores de primaria encuestados y el 44% de los de secundaria. En España, por su parte, la tendencia es al uso ocasional es un poco menor, con un 47% de profesores de primaria y 41% de secundaria que lo ven de esta manera, situación que rompe la tendencia europea en la educación secundaria, donde el 43% de los encuestados utiliza con frecuencia recursos audiovisuales en clase  (33% en primaria).

El género más utilizado en la escuela es el documental, con un 60% de profesores que indica utilizarlo, le sigue, 14 puntos por debajo, el material educativo específico (46%). Formatos comerciales reciben menor atención, la ficción es utilizada por 34% de los profesores y contenidos de animación solo por el 23%. En España, en cualquier caso, el género más ampliamente utilizado es el material educativo (75%), seguido del documental (70%).

Frente la motivación de los profesores para utilizar audiovisuales en el aula, se observa una marcada tendencia hacia la utilizaciónde este tipo de recursos de manera referencial, es decir, como complemento al tema visto en clase (63%). El 45% de los profesores encuestados, sin embargo, estima que la utilización de películas en el aula estimula la adquisición de competencias personales relacionadas con la creatividad y el pensamiento crítico.

Uno de los principales limitantes para el desarrollo de la alfabetización audiovisual en Europa es el hecho de que ésta no está incluida en los currículos oficiales, al menos de esta manera lo percibe el 64% de los profesores. Para un 62% de ellos, igualmente, la enseñanza de esta disciplina en clase es esporádica y poco común. En cuanto a la realización de actividades extracurriculares para su impulso, 80% considera que esto no se presenta en sus escuelas.

Contrariamente a los resultados de utilización, los profesores europeos creen que sus escuelas están bien equipadas para reproducir contenidos audiovisuales en clase. Para el 55% de ellos, sus escuelas están bien equipadas, y para el 21% muy bien equipadas, tendencia que se replica en España. La infraestructura no es, pues, vista como un limitante o barrera real de acceso.

Lo que sí constituye una traba real a la utilización más general de este tipo de contenidos es que los profesores ignoran si sus escuelas tienen acuerdos legales para la utilización de recursos audiovisuales. Más de una tercera parte lo considera así (41% dice que no existen y 37% lo ignora por completo). Según los expertos consultados por el consorcio de FilmEd, esta situación dificulta aún más la utilización de estor recursos en la escuela, y crea malentendidos alrededor del tema de las licencias, cuya adquisición es considerada, por más de dos terceras partes del profesorado, como complicada y costosa.

El estudio describe que aunque la Directiva Europea de Servicios Audiovisuales recomienda que se aplique la excepción para uso educativo, no todos los Estados miembros la han incluido en su legislación vigente, generando incertidumbre en los maestros a la hora de utilizar un determinado recurso en sus clases.

Fuente: http://www.redem.org/el-60-de-los-profesores-europeos-no-usan-el-audiovisual-en-el-aula/

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No hay discurso educativo alternativo

Por: Pedro Badía

Es necesario otro discurso educativo basado en la solidaridad, la cooperación, la participación, la convivencia y el compromiso social y político de la profesión docente.

La economía más conservadora y las ideas políticas más reaccionarias han contaminado al sistema educativo. Confluyen un discurso muy conservador fortalecido por el voto ciudadano y poderosos medios de información, con la debilidad y el miedo de la izquierda a exponer sus ideas ante la sociedad.

Los males del sistema educativo no vienen de la comprensividad ni de la extensión de la obligatoriedad hasta los 16 años, ni de la diversidad que hoy frecuenta nuestras aulas; sino de una concepción del sistema educativo que al igual que la globalización ha quedado en manos de la ideología neoconservadora más dura y rancia. La educación es cada vez más un instrumento de selección, y un negocio de miles de millones de dólares al que ya han puesto ojo las grandes multinacionales. Muchos gobiernos del mundo están facilitando la llegada de estos grupos económicos que depredan el sistema con la idea de “excelencia” como bandera, un término tramposo al que toda la comunidad educativa, sin diferencia ideológica, rinde pleitesía. He escuchado y he leído a políticos de izquierda y a expertos en educación hablar y escribir sobre la compatibilidad entre la equidad y la excelencia. Esto significa asumir un ataque directo a los desheredados y a los pobres a los que un sector político y social de España no quiere en el sistema educativo, porque los consideran un lastre académico y un peligro cultural. Todo el sistema educativo está pensado para los que se van a quedar, cuando el sistema educativo tiene que orientarse, sobre todo, hacia los que puedan estar en peligro de exclusión. Hacia los que nada saben y nada tienen, hacia los que menos saben. Los sistemas educativos más conservadores promocionan la desigualdad y la excelencia como una forma de modernidad, como la LOMCE. Hay que conseguir niveles máximos de equidad, no niveles óptimos de excelencia.

La educación necesita un discurso alternativo que sitúe con claridad los derechos y la equidad como las primeras prioridades. Y que se sustente en cinco ideales: a) la solidaridad; b) la cooperación; c) la participación; d) la convivencia; e) el compromiso social y político de la profesión docente.

La educación tiene que estar ligada a los valores de solidaridad y de cooperación que son los que procuran el bien común para todas las personas. La convivencia es compleja y no surge espontáneamente sino que se construye con educación y con perseverancia; aceptar “al otro” no significa aceptar cualquier cosa. Sólo con la participación convertimos la igualdad en una relación social; la participación se construye con el diálogo y la gestión civilizada de los conflictos; se trata de convivir como iguales, reconociendo la singularidad de cada cual. El profesorado debe de trabajar a favor del respeto y de la dignidad humana, para garantizar en el futuro el bienestar de la sociedad.

No hay discurso educativo alternativo porque ningún partido político apuesta claramente por una educación pública, laica y con participación plena de la comunidad educativa. Por un discurso claramente orientado a robustecer la educación pública. Por un sistema educativo que tenga como uno de sus objetivos más importantes corregir las desigualdades e injusticias sociales, cada vez más notorias, donde no debe tener cabida la demagogia ni la ambigüedad.

Fuente artículo: http://eldiariodelaeducacion.com/blog/2017/07/03/no-hay-discurso-educativo-alternativo/

Fuente imagen: http://mundopedagogico.es/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Escuela-alternativa_EDIIMA20130222_0406_13.jp

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