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Primary school teachers want to see Sats scrapped

By: Sally Weale.

A resounding 97% would like a ‘sensible alternative’ to the high-stakes attainment tests

A resounding 97% of primary school teachers would like to see high-stakes Sats tests scrapped, according to the largest poll undertaken on the subject.

More than 54,000 primary members of the National Education Union (NEU) took part in an indicative ballot last month. The vast majority said they supported their leaders’ campaign for “a sensible alternative” to the national standard attainment tests, which they say are damaging children and narrowing the curriculum.

The NEU said the result sent a clear message to the government that the assessment system must change. The results of a second question on the ballot paper, asking whether members would be prepared to take industrial action and boycott Sats, have not yet been released.

The NEU’s national executive will meet later this week to consider the next steps in their campaign, including industrial action, though the 39% response rate (more than 140,000 ballot papers were issued) would not meet the government’s industrial action ballot threshold.

The teachers’ poll coincides with the publication on Tuesday of the key stage 2 Sats results for 600,000 10- and 11-year-olds in England who took tests in reading, maths and spelling, punctuation and grammar (Spag) in May.

The tests are used by the government to assess school performance and hold schools to account. The NEU argues that young children should not be tested as it leads to hothousing, stress for both pupils and teachers, and a narrowing of the curriculum.

Kevin Courtney, the NEU’s joint general secretary, said the union’s indicative ballot showed there was “resounding support” for a change to primary assessment. “Labour, the Liberal Democrats and the Green party all have major concerns about our Sats-dominated system and have pledged to change it.

“Government now needs to listen, and to accept the need to change a culture in which too many classrooms are dominated by teaching to the test, at the expense of the learning and wellbeing of our children.”

The schools minister, Nick Gibb, dismissed the ballot, saying that scrapping Sats would be a backward step. “The NEU’s indicative ballot does not even represent half their members, let alone the whole teaching profession.

“These tests have been part of school life since the 90s and have been pivotal in raising standards in our primary schools. Abolishing these tests would be a terrible, retrograde step. It would enormously damage our education system and undo decades of improvement in children’s reading and maths.”

Jeremy Corbyn received a standing ovation when he announced to teachers gathered at the NEU’s annual conference in April that his party would scrap Sats. Delegates at the conference voted in favour of a ballot over a possible boycott of Sats tests, seeing off an amendment from the executive arguing that a ballot was not the most appropriate tactic.

Responding to the NEU ballot, the shadow education secretary, Angela Rayner, said: “These results should send the government a clear message that Sats aren’t working for teachers or pupils, and it’s about time they listened.”

More Than a Score, a campaigning group of parents, teachers and education experts, said: “It’s not right or accurate to base a school’s overall performance on the test results of primary-age children. There are more supportive ways to assess children and fairer ways to measure schools, without the need to turn pupils into data points.”

Source of the article: https://www.theguardian.com/education/2019/jul/09/primary-school-teachers-want-to-see-sats-scrapped

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Reino Unido The Best Impact Story In Education Keeps Getting Better

Por: Forbes.com

Curriculum Associates is the best edtech success story in America–in several ways. Eleven years ago, Rob Waldron took the helm of a small New England workbook publisher and turned it into a digital learning leader. The flagship adaptive instructional product, i-Ready, is now serving 7 million students and educators and recently provided its billionth lesson.

In 2017, the company made a historic charitable gift, giving away the majority of its shares which created a $145 million endowment at Iowa State and a $50 million donation to the Boston Foundation.

I recently spoke with Waldron about these impressive milestones and how he sees the education landscape changing in the coming years.

Vander Ark: A decade ago you took over a sleepy workbook publisher. What made you think you could build it into the biggest impact engine of the decade?

Waldron: To be honest, the focus in my first couple of years was far less lofty. We were in a recession, and I was deeply focused on the challenge of, “Can I maintain a company that serves teachers and kids well… but that doesn’t go bankrupt?”

We were operating in a context of 10 percent unemployment locally, and our staff was mostly over the age of 40 doing editorial work. I knew that downsizing would mean these dedicated folks wouldn’t have had many options for where to turn.

Vander Ark: And add to that, the end of the great recession also looked like the end of traditional publishing to many.

Waldron: Exactly. Other big publishers were shedding people profusely, and I was spending most of my energy trying to keep our doors open. Schools didn’t have money at the time, so we focused on partnering closely with them, offering exceptional services and high-quality resources at an affordable price. While others in the industry dealt with the downturn by putting new labels on old programs to scrape by, we built strong relationships with educators by putting people first and responding to their needs.

Vander Ark: How did you build a team to develop the leading adaptive learning engine i-Ready? How did they do it so fast?

Waldron: When I first came to the company, we licensed an adaptive assessment product from a third party. While the science was good, there were a bunch of technical issues and we kept finding that our customers weren’t getting the service they needed. When we cut off that relationship, we had the opportunity to build something ourselves to replace it.

The process was challenging, but our timing was just right. With the recent release of Common Core, educators were looking for an adaptive tool to support student learning of more rigorous standards. Because of our deep focus on service and commitment to transparency, people trusted that we would provide strong support and continue to improve the tool to best serve their students. While bootstrapping i-Ready, we also fixed our print business by launching Ready, allowing us to offer educators a complete, blended print and digital program. We don’t care whether it’s digital or print–the key is what solution is needed by the educator.

In retrospect, the fact that we created these tools without outside capital and were forced to make every decision on our own dime was a huge contributor to the initial success of i-Ready. It made us deeply attuned to the needs of educators and thoughtful about the long-term viability of the solutions we were creating. This future-focused lens continues to be a competitive advantage for us.

Vander Ark: Curriculum Associates quickly became a leader in software-as-a-service. Because it was a new business model in education, we wrote a paper together: Smart Series Guide to EdTech Procurement. i-Ready is a great product, but it seems to be service that is your big differentiator. Five years ago when we wrote that paper, you said it was support services that were the difference between efficacy and inactivity. Is that still true?

Waldron: Great service begets a great product; Over 40 percent of our employees actually do service full-time–everything from monitoring usage reports, providing professional development, meeting with district leadership, on-site tech support, etc. Schools are complicated institutions to run, so our job is to ensure the industry’s top talent is serving these educators and that we are efficient at providing this high level of service across environments.

Vander Ark: i-Ready just hit a billion lessons, Curriculum Associates recently had its 50 year anniversary, and you recently celebrated your first 10 years as CEO. These are big milestones–what have been the biggest changes in the last decade?

Waldron: The way the world used to work, a study of learning could look like a couple graduate researchers reviewing data from 80 students to prove a hypothesis. Today, we have incredibly robust data to inform our program design and make the right choices for students. If, for example, we delivered a lesson on a given subject 15,000 times and only 2,000 students reached mastery, we know there’s something we need to fix… and we do.

You need incredible nuance into the details of lesson design to make the best possible product. By addressing all the “micro-levers,” which could include the minute mark in a lesson when students stop being engaged or a window that takes a half second too long to open, we ensure our tools are as engaging as possible to learners and as supportive as possible to the educators we serve.

Another success factor has been our investment in constant improvement. A few years ago we spent $50 million on R&D in product and tech, and this year we’re spending nearly double as we focus on making current grades and content better. We’re continually rolling out many major releases – last year alone delivering over 60 improvements to i-Ready – and it’s only accelerating.

Vander Ark: And have you done any recent studies on the impact of your programs on student learning?

Waldron: We’ve released several. Most recently, new third party research conducted by HumRRo showed that our Ready Mathematics blended solution meets ESSA evidence requirements and supports student gains. And our most recent study of i-Ready shows that students using the program continue to see remarkable growth, even as we extend our reach to millions of kids.  We’re committed to continued research to guide our improvement efforts and deliver the best possible tools to support learning.

Vander Ark: Five years ago you said hiring was key to your successful scaling, is that still the case?

Waldron: Yes. In my experience, an organization is only as strong as the talent that drives it. It is so critical that we have the right people on board, aligned with our values and committed to service, that recruiting continues to be among the most important uses of my time. I still interview every final round candidate… no small feat as we continue to grow! Last year that meant 337 interviews. We are extremely selective, only hiring 1 in 30 who apply, and 1 in 8 who interview.

As a result, our employees are incredibly dedicated to our shared mission. As reported in our most recent anonymous employee survey, 96 percent of people who work for us would recommend their best friends work for us. To me, that’s the best measure of getting it right.

Vander Ark: How have efforts to support equity played into your strategy development, and where do you see the biggest opportunities moving forward?

Waldron: For starters, I like to ground us in the idea that there’s no such thing as a typical student. We believe all students bring unique assets to their learning environments, and we work to ensure our tools leverage these and are accessible to and representative of the diverse populations we serve. We keep in mind, for example, ways in which the decisions we make could impact English learners and students of diverse backgrounds. We’re introducing a Spanish math diagnostic in the near future and making accessibility a much bigger focus in general.

Overall, we’ve found that adaptive tech is uniquely poised to serve all learners. For example, one thing we often see is that some students with special needs might be off the charts in one subject and struggle in another, and adaptive software can pinpoint those nuances and provide teachers with precise information about that student to drive the most effective instructional decisions.

Vander Ark: The Curriculum Associates goal, as you’ve described it, “is to make educators more productive… by making simple-to-use products that save teachers and administrators time, all while increasing student achievement.” Does that still describe the role you see tech playing in schools?

Waldron: We know teachers play the most important role in the classroom, and we built i-Ready to enhance that role, not consume it. While technology can do amazing things, we believe its highest purpose in the classroom is to strengthen the meaningful and uniquely human relationships between teachers and their students that help children thrive. We designed i-Ready primarily to support teachers – our job is to equip them with the most accurate, accessible, and actionable data possible so they can devote their time to teaching.

Vander Ark: How does i-Ready use data? We’re very interested in interoperability, and data security has been another hot topic recently.

Waldron:  We believe student data should only be used to support learning, plain and simple. Schools own all i-Ready data, and we just keep it as secure as humanly possible. Identifiable data is only ever shared with trusted third parties such as Clever or Ed-Fi with a school or district’s explicit consent, and we’d never dream of selling data or sharing it for commercial gains. We take data protection very seriously and have implemented training programs and other data protection measures to help keep student information secure.

Vander Ark: One design flaw that we see more often than we would like in schools is that tech is sometimes used for over-assessment. How can schools use a tool like i-Ready while avoiding that trap?

Waldron: I agree that that is a problem and think kids shouldn’t spend time on tests that don’t directly serve their learning. One thing that’s so great about an adaptive tool like i-Ready is that it is extremely efficient, meaning you can identify what students need in fewer questions and with fewer assessments. Because the diagnostic data is so robust, the program reduces the need for other assessments and gives more valuable classroom time back to teachers to do what they do best… teach.

Vander Ark: We hear you’re planning some updates to i-Ready in the near future. What’s coming down the pipeline?

Waldron: In addition to the accessibility and Spanish math diagnostic additions I mentioned earlier, we’ve got a number of other things coming up, including 100 new lessons for middle school students and a core math product for grades K-5 and 6-8. Middle school students will also have access to a new dashboard with an age-appropriate design, an expanded i-Ready Diagnostic item bank with new passages and items, and a collection of new videos to engage them before each diagnostic.

We’re also working to change the student experience with i-Ready to give students more agency, provide educators with historical reporting and more diagnostic information, and offer administrators with new school- and district-level reports with even more robust information on students’ performance and growth.

Fuente de la información: https://www.forbes.com/sites/tomvanderark/2019/07/15/the-best-impact-story-in-education-keeps-getting-better/#1adb06315974

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Labour must be bold, and finally abolish private schools

By: .

These schools are core to Britain’s inequality problem. Labour should emulate Finland and integrate them into state education

As a teacher of ethics, philosophy and religion at a Manchester comprehensive school, students often ask me why politicians allow 7% of children in this country to access exclusive schools that enable them to dominate the top professions – schools whose main entrance criteria is the size of parents’ bank accounts. These days, I usually answer, “because the politicians are wrong”.

I sometimes inform my students of the latest Sutton Trust reports which highlight that 65% of senior judges, 49% of armed forces officers, 44% of newspaper columnists and 29% of MPs are all privately educated. Being a good teacher, I integrate maths into my subject and get them to work out the extent to which private school students are disproportionately represented in these professions. You should see the disheartened looks on their faces.

I tell them not to lose hope and that there is something called “social mobility”, which means that if they work really hard, get to university and then work hard in their careers they might be lucky enough to get one of those remaining top jobs that haven’t gone to the privately educated. They don’t look convinced. The Social Mobility Commission wasn’t convinced back in 2017 either, which is why its commissioners resigned en masse a year and a half ago.

I’d hoped under Jeremy Corbyn that my party would have been up for finishing off what Clement Attlee failed to do after the second world war: phase out private schools. There was a welcome commitment in Labour’s last manifesto to add VAT to private school fees, but the impact of this will be minimal and certainly won’t hasten the demise of private schools.

Labour’s pledge to create a National Education Service is exciting. The party has published a National Education Service charter that commits it to “tackling structural, cultural and individual barriers which cause and perpetuate inequality”. Earlier this year, Corbyn quite rightly pledged to focus on promoting social justice rather than social mobility, but I was bemused by the silence on private schools. How, precisely, does one tackle structural inequalities in England without phasing out private schools? Are we serious about these inequalities or just tinkering?

In the past Labour has missed opportunities to integrate private schools into the state sector – we can’t let that happen again. That’s why we have launched the Labour Against Private Schools campaign. Our first goal is to make the full integration of private schools into the state education system official party policy, by getting a motion passed in support of this at Labour’s annual conference this September.

There are models of excellent education systems that exist without private schools. Finland is often held up as a system that consistently achieves some of the best educational outcomes across Europe and the OECD countries. In Finland, private schools were effectively brought into the comprehensive education system over the course of a decade. It is time England started to seriously plan a school system without private schools, so that in the future teachers like me can look their students in the eye and tell them that this country has removed one of the biggest barriers that the richest people erected to unfairly advantage their progeny.

So I am proud to tell my students that I am a founding member of the Labour Against Private Schools campaign, and that I will do everything I can to encourage the Labour leadership to commit to dismantling the private schools sector that continues to uphold gross levels of inequality in this country.

Source of the article: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/jul/09/labour-phase-out-private-schools-britain-inequality-finland

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Reino Unido: El ministro de Educación, Damian Hinds, dice que «alentaría enérgicamente» a las escuelas primarias a enseñar temas LGBT

Europa/ReinoUnido/

EDUCACIÓN El secretario Damian Hinds hizo una intervención explosiva en la fila de lecciones LGBT ayer al instar a los directores de escuelas primarias a que enseñen el tema a los menores de 12 años.

El ministro del Gabinete emitió una nueva guía que decía que «alentaría fuertemente» a las primarias de Inglaterra a enseñar las lecciones.

 El Secretario de Educación ha dicho que los niños deben hablar sobre "todo tipo de familias diferentes y amorosas"

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El Secretario de Educación ha dicho que los niños deben hablar sobre «todo tipo de familias diferentes y amorosas». Crédito: Alamy Live News
 Los padres de una escuela primaria de Birmingham han protestado contra la educación de sus hijos sobre las relaciones LGBT

2 Los padres en una escuela primaria de Birmingham han protestado contra la educación de sus hijos sobre las lecciones sobre los derechos de la comunidad LGBT. Crédito: PA: Press Association

Se produce a pesar de las protestas enojadas de los padres en Birmingham que han sacado a sus hijos de las clases sumamente controvertidas.

Al anunciar el nuevo consejo, el Sr. Hinds dijo: «Los niños, por supuesto, se enterarán de todo tipo de cosas, incluida la diversidad de nuestra sociedad, de todos modos. “La pregunta es dónde y cómo es mejor hacerlo: en clase, en Internet o en el patio de recreo.

«Recomiendo encarecidamente a las escuelas que discutan con los niños en clase que hay todo tipo de familias diferentes, fuertes y amorosas, incluidas las familias con padres del mismo sexo, mientras están en la escuela primaria».

Las nuevas lecciones serán obligatorias en las casi 25,000 escuelas de Inglaterra a partir de septiembre del próximo año. Se produce después de meses de protestas de fuego por parte de los padres que fuman fuera de una cadena de escuelas en Birmingham. Y la amarga fila explotó ayer en el piso de la Cámara de los Comunes cuando los parlamentarios debatieron las controversiales lecciones.

El diputado laborista Roger Godsiff criticó a los maestros en la Escuela Primaria Anderton Park de Birmingham por no consultar a los padres lo suficiente.

Fuente: https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/9374587/damian-hinds-strongly-encourage-lgbt-lessons/

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Los mejores puestos en Reino Unido están destinados para la pequeña élite que estudió en centros privados

Europa/ Reino Unido/ 01.07.2019/ Fuente: www.eldiario.es.

 

El 39% de las personas que ocupan los cargos de más alto nivel asistió a una escuela privada, mientras que esta educación solo representa el 7% del total de la población

El 65% de los jueces de alto rango, el 57% de los miembros de la Cámara de los Lores, el 59% de los secretarios permanentes de la administración pública y el 52% de los diplomáticos proceden de escuelas privadas

Los miembros de la élite británica, aquellos que ocupan los puestos más altos en política, la judicatura, los medios de comunicación y los negocios, tienen cinco veces más probabilidades de haber asistido a una escuela privada que la población general, según una investigación realizada por Sutton Trust y la Comisión de Movilidad Social.

El estudio revela que una minúscula élite de personas con educación privada, muchas de las cuales asistieron a Oxbridge (sobrenombre con que se conoce conjuntamente a las universidades de Oxford y Cambridge), continúan dominando los trabajos de más alto nivel. El 39% de las personas que ocupan estos cargos fue a una escuela privada, mientras que solo el 7% de la población de Reino Unido optó por la educación privada. Los críticos califican las cifras de «escandalosas» y han solicitado un cambio urgente.

Los investigadores han analizado los antecedentes educativos de más de 5.000 líderes en nueve amplias categorías, entre las que se incluyen políticos, jefes de tecnología, estrellas del mundo del cine, el pop y el deporte, periodistas, jueces y consejeros delegados de las principales empresas de la bolsa.

En política, los investigadores han hallado que el 39% del gabinete (en el momento en que se llevó a cabo el análisis) fue a universidades de pago en comparación con el 9% de de la oposición laborista –por debajo del 22% registrado durante el liderazgo de Ed Miliband como líder laborista–. Paralelamente el 29% de los miembros del parlamento que ingresaron en 2017 también han recibido una educación privada.

Por otra parte, el 65% de los jueces de alto rango, el 57% de los miembros de la Cámara de los Lores, el 59% de los secretarios permanentes de la administración pública y el 52% de los diplomáticos del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores proceden de escuelas privadas.

En los medios de comunicación, el 43% de los 100 editores de noticias y emisoras más influyentes, y el 44% de los columnistas de periódicos han recibido educación privada; el 33% de ellos fueron tanto a escuelas privadas como a Oxford o Cambridge. En las artes, el 44% de los mejores actores y el 30% de las estrellas del pop fueron a escuelas privadas.

El mundo del fútbol, sector infrarrepresentado

Por el contrario, en el mundo del fútbol, sólo el 5% de las estrellas internacionales masculinas acudieron a escuelas privadas, esta es la única zona en la que las personas con educación privada están infrarrepresentadas. Mientras tanto, en el mundo del rugby, el 37% de los jugadores internacionales tenían una educación privada, y en cricket el 43% del equipo de Inglaterra fue a escuelas privadas.

Un estudio, llamado Elitist Britain 2019, encontró patrones similares en el deporte femenino, pero también encontró que el 80% de las jugadoras internacionales de fútbol, cricket y rugby habían asistido a la universidad, mucho más que en el deporte masculino.

Las mujeres siguen estando infrarrepresentadas en los puestos superiores, pero las que llegan a los niveles más altos también tienen muchas más probabilidades de haber asistido a una escuela privada que la población en general, aunque tienen menos probabilidades de haber ido a Oxbridge que sus homólogos masculinos.

El informe identifica una vía libre desde las escuelas de pago a través de Oxbridge y hacia los puestos superiores –el 52% de los jueces de alto nivel tomaron esta ruta en comparación con el 17% del total de personas analizadas–. Aunque el estudio identifica un incremento en la diversidad educativa de aquellas personas en la élite hace cinco años, el cambio se produce muy lentamente.

«Estas cifras escandalosas demuestran que el Reino Unido está lejos de ser una meritocracia. Para solucionar este problema será necesario reformar seriamente el sistema educativo, ya que, a pesar de las mejoras, los más favorecidos tienen casi diez veces más probabilidades de asistir a universidades de élite que los más desfavorecidos», señala Luke Heselwood, del think tank Reform.

Dame Martina Milburn, presidenta de la Comisión de Movilidad Social, señala: «Los políticos, los empresarios y los educadores deben trabajar juntos para garantizar que la élite británica se diversifique en cuanto a género, etnia y origen social. Es hora de cerrar la brecha de poder y asegurar que los de arriba puedan relacionarse y representar a la gente común».

«La red de antiguos alumnos todavía mantienen a gente trabajadora y con talento en entornos menos privilegiados. El Partido Laborista se centrará en dar a todos los niños la oportunidad de prosperar, no sólo a unos pocos afortunados, centrándose en la justicia social, no sólo en la movilidad social», señala la secretaria de educación en el Partido Laborista, Angela Rayner.

Un portavoz del Consejo de Escuelas Independientes señala: «Las conjeturas sobre las escuelas independientes se basan con demasiada frecuencia en conceptos erróneos o estereotipos. Mucha gente no se da cuenta de que la mayoría de las escuelas independientes tienen menos de 350 alumnos, sólo la mitad son académicamente selectivos y la mayoría trabajan en colaboración con las escuelas públicas».

Fuente de la noticia: https://www.eldiario.es/theguardian/Reino-Unido-reservados-escuelas-privadas_0_914108919.html

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Reino Unido: Menos docentes pero más alumnos: la realidad para las escuelas secundarias.

Europa/Reino Unido/ TheGuardian/

La profesión pierde 42,000 maestros al aumentar el tamaño promedio de las clases por cuarto año.

El propio censo de la fuerza laboral de las escuelas del departamento , tomado al inicio del año académico, mostró una caída en el número de maestros en las escuelas secundarias junto con un aumento en el número de alumnos.

Si bien la proporción general de docentes que dejaron la profesión, 42,000 o el 9.8%, fue inferior a los 44,000 que dejaron el año anterior, el total se vio favorecido por un menor número de jubilaciones. Solo 6.300 maestros se retiraron el año pasado, como resultado del perfil cada vez más joven de una fuerza laboral de 450.000.

Los egresados ​​y los jubilados fueron en gran medida equilibrados por los maestros recién calificados y los antiguos maestros que regresaron al aula, especialmente en las escuelas primarias.

Courtney señaló que el gobierno aún tenía que publicar su informe anual sobre el salario de los docentes, que dijo que había seguido disminuyendo debido a los efectos de la inflación.

Faltando solo unas pocas semanas para el trimestre de verano, los directores se quejan de que la demora del DfE en publicar las últimas recomendaciones de pago ha dificultado la elaboración de presupuestos escolares para el inicio del año escolar en septiembre.

Mientras tanto, el censo escolar anual de la DfE mostró que el tamaño promedio de las clases en las escuelas secundarias siguió aumentando por cuarto año consecutivo.

El pronóstico del DfE es que el número de alumnos de secundaria aumente más a partir del próximo año a medida que el aumento de la población experimentado por las escuelas primarias avanza a través del sistema escolar.

Nick Gibb , el ministro de estándares escolares, dijo que el número de maestros en las escuelas se mantuvo alto y que la contratación de nuevos maestros estaba mejorando a pesar del mercado laboral competitivo.

«Reconocemos que hay más por hacer para continuar atrayendo y reteniendo a personas con talento en nuestras aulas, por lo que lanzamos la primera estrategia de reclutamiento y retención de maestros a principios de este año», dijo Gibb.

Pero Mike Kane , el ministro de las escuelas en la sombra, acusó a los conservadores de crear una crisis en la retención de maestros. «Los años de recortes salariales en términos reales y el aumento de los niveles de carga de trabajo están haciendo que los maestros abandonen nuestras escuelas, lo que está decepcionando a una generación de niños».

La Asociación de Líderes Escolares y Universitarios dijo que le preocupaba que a 120,000 alumnos de secundaria ahora se les enseñara en clases de más de 30 niños debido a las presiones presupuestarias y las salidas de los maestros.

Las cifras de la fuerza laboral también revelaron una brecha salarial emergente entre las academias y las escuelas estatales mantenidas por las autoridades locales. Mientras que los directores de las academias secundarias cobraban cerca de £ 2,000 al año más que los de las secundarias mantenidas, los maestros de primera línea de las academias secundarias recibían un pago de casi £ 1,500 por debajo de los del sector mantenido.

Hubo un patrón similar en las escuelas primarias. Los jefes de la academia recibieron alrededor de £ 1,600 más que los jefes de escuelas primarias mantenidas, pero a los maestros mantenidos se les pagó £ 1,800 más que a sus compañeros que enseñan en academias.

Fuente: https://www.theguardian.com/education/2019/jun/27/fewer-secondary-teachers-juggling-bigger-classes-dfe-data-shows

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