Page 164 of 264
1 162 163 164 165 166 264

Argentina/Sonia Alesso: «Una nueva ley para financiar la educación»

Fuente: CTERA / 7 de junio de 2016

«Uno de los objetivos centrales de la Ctera es tratar de incidir en que las políticas públicas se orienten a cumplir plenamente con el derecho social a la educación.

Esa conducta histórica nos pone hoy ante el desafío de obtener la sanción de una nueva Ley de Financiamiento Educativo, ya que la actualmente vigente es insuficiente para poder alcanzar las metas que marca la Ley Nacional de Educación, cuyos propósitos cuentan con un consenso absolutamente mayoritario en nuestra sociedad.

Ese mandato histórico merece una breve reseña de la lucha de la Ctera por el financiamiento educativo. En 1992, producto de una carta de intención que firmó el gobierno de Carlos Menem con el FMI, el Estado nacional transfirió la educación a las provincias, pero no así los recursos para su financiamiento. Esto derivó en el desmembramiento del sistema educativo, lo que dio inicio, además, a una disparidad en la calidad de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje entre las provincias que tenían mayor presupuesto y las más débiles económicamente. Este desfasaje incluyó diferencias salariales y de condiciones de trabajo que hasta entonces no existían. Con la progresión de la crisis de los ‘90 muchas provincias comenzaron a pagar con bonos y luego ni eso. En 1997 siete provincias no pagaban los salarios a sus docentes, lo que hizo que la educación de niños y jóvenes se viera fuertemente afectada.

El desfinanciamiento de la educación nos llevó a montar la histórica Carpa Blanca frente al Congreso de la Nación para llamar la atención de todos los argentinos sobre la grave situación por la que pasaba nuestra educación. Nuestros reclamos encontraron eco en 2005 cuando se sancionó la Ley de Financiamiento Educativo (Nº 26.075). Por entonces el presupuesto para educación apenas superaba el 3 por ciento del PBI. La ley dispuso un aumento gradual del porcentaje hasta llegar al 6 por ciento del PBI, meta que se alcanzó en 2010 y que fue superada en años posteriores.

Poco después fue sancionada otra norma fundamental, largamente demandada por los docentes: la nueva Ley Nacional de Educación (Nº 26.206), que dispuso la obligatoriedad de la escuela secundaria y de la sala de 5 en el nivel inicial y la universalización de la sala de 4 (que también comenzó a ser obligatoria en 2015). Alcanzar esos objetivos demanda una mayor inversión. Y también lo requiere el cumplimiento de otras normativas dispuestas luego de la sanción de la Ley de Financiamiento Educativo en 2005, como la jornada completa o extendida en el 30 por ciento de las escuelas y la formación docente permanente y en ejercicio. Tenemos por delante la inminente obligatoriedad de la sala de 3, bajar la tasa de sobreedad en la escuela primaria, mejorar las tasas de egreso en la secundaria, la creación de equipos de orientación escolar, tutorías, la enseñanza de una segunda lengua, la erradicación definitiva del analfabetismo, la incorporación de nuevas tecnologías y conectividad en todas las escuelas, la organización escolar con un máximo de 25 alumnos por curso, la integración plena de alumnos con discapacidades, entre otros. Para eso se necesitan más docentes, más aulas, más insumos, más infraestructura. También para la jerarquización de la carrera docente es necesario un salario que permita vivir con un sólo cargo que comprenda horas áulicas y horas pagas para el resto de las tareas pedagógicas, terminando además con el régimen laboral de los profesores “taxi”, que tanto dificulta el vínculo pedagógico con los alumnos.

Es por eso que pondremos a consideración de la sociedad argentina un nuevo proyecto de Ley de Financiamiento Educativo, que ya fue presentado en el Congreso de la Nación en noviembre de 2015 por la entonces diputada Adriana Puiggrós y que cuenta con estado parlamentario hasta fines de este año. Allí proponemos que la inversión en educación comience a aumentar año a año hasta alcanzar el 8 por ciento del PBI para la educación obligatoria y el 2 por ciento del PBI para la educación superior. Es decir, un total del 10 por ciento del PBI. El proyecto también contempla que se invierta la proporción de los aportes del Estado nacional y de las provincias, que actualmente llevan el mayor peso ya que sostienen el 60 por ciento del financiamiento.

Si queremos apostar a una educación pública de calidad y que otorgue igualdad de oportunidades a todos los niños y jóvenes de nuestro país, qué mejor oportunidad que el año del Bicentenario de nuestra Independencia para dar ese salto cualitativo con la sanción de una nueva Ley de Financiamiento Educativo.»

 

Enlace original: http://www.ctera.org.ar/index.php/general/notas-de-opinion/item/2222-una-nueva-ley-para-financiar-la-educacion-nota-de-opinion-de-sonia-alesso-secretaria-general-de-ctera-publicada-en-pagina-12-el-23-de-mayo-de-2016

Comparte este contenido:

«O educación o exámenes» . Un artículo de Francisco Giner de los Ríos

Fuente Orcasur / 7 de junio de 2016

Reproducimos aquí unos párrafos del artículo «O educación o exámenes» que escribió en 1894 D. Francisco Giner de los Ríos.

O Educación o exámenes. 1894
por Francisco Giner de los Ríos

El maestro, esclavizado a una tarea servil, no puede consagrar lo mejor de sus fuerzas a aquello que más responde a su vocación y que él realizaría con superior desempeño, sino a ese ideal de satisfacer a los examinadores: todo lo demás es perjudicial, o cuando menos artículo de lujo, a que no hay tiempo ni posibilidad de atender. Mientras tanto, por su parte, el discípulo tiende a encogerse de hombros ante la idea nueva, la investigación original, el punto de vista personal y fresco, que es lo único que puede despertar su interés, abrir su espíritu, dilatar su horizonte, fortalecer su inteligencia y su amor al saber y al trabajo. ¿De qué sirve todo esto en un examen?
[…]

Si por examen se entendiese la constante atención del maestro a sus discípulos para darse cuenta de su estado y proceder en consonancia, ¿quién rechazaría semejante método sin el cual no hay obra educativa posible? Pero justamente las pruebas académicas a que se da aquel nombre constituyen un sistema en diametral oposición con ese trato y comunión constante. Pues, donde esta existe, aquel huelga, y, por el contrario, jamás los exámenes florecen, como allí donde el monólogo diario del profesor pone un abismo entre él y sus alumnos.[..]

La enseñanza es función viva, personal y flexible.

Fuente: Artículo recogido en
Obras selectas de Francisco Giner de los Ríos. Edición de Isabel Pérez-Villanueva Tovar.
Austral-Summa. 2004

El enlace original: http://educacion-orcasur.blogspot.com.es/2014/08/o-educacion-o-examenes-un-articulo-de.html?spref=bl

Comparte este contenido:

México: Brutal represión a maestros en Chiapas (VÍDEO).

Fuente: Insurgencia Magisterial / 7 de Junio de 2016

Así reprime el sargento Nuño a maestros hoy en Chiapas.

Cualquiera que ve estas imágenes podría pensar que es Libia, Palestina, Siria o Israel en conflicto religioso o de territorio.

Es México, es Chiapas, es el estado más pobre de la patria mexicana defendiendo con heroísmo el carácter público de la educación.

Puede verse también como la sociedad civil es víctima del uso indiscriminado de bombas de gases lacrimógenos.

Fuente: https://www.facebook.com/pavelguevarae/posts/1119480408095815

https://youtu.be/H7I_Pw1DMCc

 

Comparte este contenido:

Ban Ki-moon pide poner la ciencia y la tecnología al servicio de la lucha contra la pobreza

Fuente Naciones Unidas / 7 de junio de 2016

Durante los próximos 15 años el progreso en las ciencias, las tecnologías y la innovación será clave para cumplir con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), desde la erradicación de la pobreza hasta la agricultura y la lucha contra el hambre, así como el combate al cambio climático.

Así lo consideró el Secretario General de la ONU, Ban Ki-moon, durante un Foro sobre el tema celebrado en la sede de la ONU en Nueva York, con el objetivo de reunir anualmente a los interesados en esta área para recabar ideas, hallar incentivos y aumentar y adoptar soluciones progresistas en la materia.

Ban instó a los participantes a extender los beneficios de la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación a los más vulnerables, ya que puede constituirse en un vehículo de inclusión.

“Hará falta apropiación, participación e involucramiento activo de todos los sectores de la sociedad para que el desarrollo sostenible se haga realidad en los próximos 15 años (…). Los gobiernos nacionales son los principales responsables de su implementación y deben tomar la delantera estableciendo planes nacionales. Pero esos planes deben involucrar a las autoridades locales, a la sociedad civil, a los negocios y el sector privado, a las organizaciones no gubernamentales y a la academia”, propuso el Secretario General.

También se refirió a la importancia de establecer nuevas asociaciones y mayor cooperación de los parlamentos, las instituciones regionales e internacionales para conseguir soluciones innovadoras de alcance global.

Ban Ki-moon instó, por otra parte, a no confinar el tema únicamente al desarrollo de nuevos equipos o programas informáticos. Señaló que la innovación es una actitud y una mentalidad que invitan a cuestionar presunciones, a repensar sistemas y procedimientos establecidos, y a introducir nuevas estrategias.

 

Link original: http://www.un.org/spanish/News/story.asp?NewsID=35216&utm_content=buffer074dd&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer#.V1d1DjXhDIV

Comparte este contenido:

Ofsted issues warning about education in the East Midlands

Fuente: www.gov.uk / 7 de junio de 2016

Educational provision for thousands of children in the East Midlands is distinctly second division, Ofsted warns.

Low standards in schools across the East Midlands region of England are exposing the educational fault line dividing the nation, Ofsted’s Chief Inspector said today.

Sir Michael Wilshaw highlighted figures showing the East Midlands as the worst performing region in the country on a range of key indicators.

He blamed a culture of complacency and a lack of clear accountability for the poor educational performance of towns and cities across the region and across all phases.

Sir Michael made his comments on the same day that Ofsted’s Regional Director for the East Midlands, Chris Russell, published an open letter to all those responsible for education in Northamptonshire. In the letter, he sets out his deep concerns about the low standards of achievement across the county.

Chris Russell said that far too many children and young people in Northamptonshire are being deprived of the opportunity to gain a good education, with weaknesses in the quality of provision persisting across every age group.

Sir Michael pointed out that these problems are not confined to this one local authority area, but are mirrored in a number of neighbouring towns and cities, and across the East Midlands region as a whole. For example:

  • the East Midlands is currently the joint lowest performing Ofsted region in terms of inspection outcomes, with almost one in three secondary schools judged less than good at their last inspection
  • the region had the worst GCSE results in England in 2015; nearly 46% of pupils did not achieve the benchmark five or more A* to C grades including English and maths
  • nearly 73% of East Midlands’ pupils eligible for free school meals (FSM) failed to achieve this benchmark
  • in the East Midlands children in care did worse than in any other region; just 10.2% of them achieved 5 or more A* to C grades in GCSE examinations, including English and maths.

Across the different phases of education, children in some of the region’s major urban areas and shire counties fare particularly badly:

  • Leicester is the poorest performing local authority in the country for pupil outcomes at the end of the Early Years Foundation Stage – with only 51% of the city’s children achieving a good level of development, compared with 66% nationally
  • Nottingham is England’s poorest performer in the phonics screening check at key stage 1 – just 69% of the city’s six and seven-year-olds met the required standard in 2015. In Derby, the figure was just 70%, compared with 77% of pupils nationally
  • Northamptonshire is one of the worst-performing local authority areas in the country for the achievement of disadvantaged children at key stage 2. Only 59% of FSM pupils in the county achieved the expected standards in reading, writing and mathematics at the end of primary school compared with 66% nationally. Their peers in Lincolnshire, Leicestershire and Derby fared nearly as badly, with just 60% achieving the expected standards
  • Derby and Nottingham were among the 10 lowest ranking local authority areas nationally for GSCE examinations – only 47.6% and 42.4% of pupils respectively achieved the benchmark five or more A* to C grades including English and maths in 2015

Sir Michael Wilshaw said:

These statistics should serve as a wake-up call. The poor quality of education in many parts of the East Midlands often passes under the radar as attention is focused on underperformance in the bigger cities of the North and West Midlands, like Manchester, Liverpool and Birmingham.

However, in many ways, the problems in this region symbolise more than anywhere else the growing educational divide between the South and the rest of England that I highlighted in my last Annual Report.

The Chief Inspector pointed out that there are very few high performing multi-academy trusts (MATs) in the region, while the support and challenge to schools from local authorities has not led to rapid enough improvement.

Sir Michael argued that there has been a collective failure by education and political leaders in the region to tackle mediocre provision and a culture of low expectations. While this is a particular problem among low income White British communities, the low level of GCSE attainment in places like Leicester – an area with a minority white British population – demonstrates that this extends beyond one ethnic group.

There are some bright spots across the region that are bucking these trends. Babington Community College, Leicester; Dronfield Henry Fanshawe and Chapel-en-le-Frith, both in Derbyshire are all outstanding secondary schools doing their best for their students. Meanwhile, outstanding primaries include Christ the King Primary School in Leicester City, Norbridge Primary in Worksop, Nottinghamshire and Carlton Road Academy in Boston, Lincolnshire. However, examples such as these are too scarce in the East Midlands.

Sir Michael said:

National politicians and policymakers must start to worry more about what is happening north of the Wash. They should be asking why schools in large parts of the East Midlands aren’t doing better.

Derby, the home of Rolls Royce, has a proud history of engineering excellence, but local secondary schools are failing to deliver top rate GCSE results.

Nottingham has three widely respected initial teacher education providers on its doorstep, but at primary level its phonics results are the worst in the country. At secondary level, its schools are amongst the poorest performers for GCSE examinations.

Leicester, meanwhile, has enjoyed great sporting success and is home to the new champions of English football. Yet when it comes to education, its ambitions and achievements are decidedly second division.

Our future prosperity as a nation depends on us delivering a better quality of education to all our children, wherever they live. As things stand, too many schools in the East Midlands are failing to equip young people with the knowledge and skills the country needs to keep pace with its international competitors.

As Chief Inspector, I am calling on local politicians across the region to do significantly more to challenge and support their local schools, regardless of whether they are academies or under local authority control.

Sir Michael’s view is echoed by Ofsted East Midlands Regional Director Chris Russell in his letter to the main education players in Northamptonshire.

Mr Russell says:

Across Northamptonshire there are too many early years providers and schools of all types and phases that are not good enough.

As a result, children do not achieve as well as they should. Disadvantaged children in the county are performing particularly poorly. There needs to be greater oversight and co-ordinated action from those accountable for educational provision in the county.

Note to editors

Read the letter from Chris Russell.

Yesterday, Chris Russell addressed the East Midlands Challenge conference in Nottingham, where he spoke about Ofsted’s views on what inspectors look for. Mr Russell also discussed priority learner groups and what good practice inspectors have seen around the region. This conference was aimed at Teaching School Alliances.

 

link original https://www.gov.uk/government/news/ofsted-issues-warning-about-education-in-the-east-midlands

Comparte este contenido:

‘We are tough’: a rector’s fight against corruption in Kazakhstan

Fuente: times higher education / 7 de junio de 2016

Krzysztof Rybiński on changing Narxoz University’s culture and the lure of ‘the best meat in the world’

Two years ago, Krzysztof Rybiński, a Polish economist leading a private university in Warsaw, was contacted by headhunters from Moscow.

They had spotted his profile on LinkedIn and wanted a Russian-speaking European university leader to reform the prominent Narxoz University in Almaty, a city in the far east of vast Kazakhstan, a few hours’ drive from the borders of north-western China.

Sixteen months into his job as rector, he told Times Higher Education about his efforts to root out cheating, plagiarism, corruption and staid teaching, which have led to the firing of hundreds of academics.

“I worked with clients in many places…I thought nothing would surprise me,” said Professor Rybiński, who is a former vice-president of Poland’s central bank. But even he was “shocked” at how different Kazakh culture was, with its very strong family ties and old Soviet practices.

Higher education in the country, although “changing very, very slowly”, still prioritises “testing and memorisation”, he said, even though Kazakhstan has “on paper” signed up to Europe’s Bologna Process, which focuses more on skills.

Corruption is everywhere, Professor Rybiński said. “The vast majority of universities in Central Asia…have these problems with corruption, plagiarism and cheating,” he added. “When the cheating culture is everywhere from primary school to PhD…you have to take tough measures.”

To counter cheating in exams at Narxoz – students routinely talked to each other, took in “cheat sheets” and tried to bring in smartphones, according to Professor Rybiński – the university installed cameras in exam halls.

In the past six months, Professor Rybiński estimates that between 100 and 200 students have been caught and forced to retake exams. Now the level of cheating is “much, much lower”, he insisted.

To tackle plagiarism, all first-year students must take an academic writing course that impresses on them how wrong the practice is, and the university has begun running essays through plagiarism-detection software.

Payments to lecturers to boost grades and to get exam papers in advance also plague Kazakh higher education, Professor Rybiński explained. “Wages of teachers and academics are very low, which forces them to seek additional income,” he said. At Narxoz, “we had a few cases, and these people were fired.”

To deter bribe-taking, Professor Rybiński has instituted a system of collective punishment. If an academic is caught taking money from a student, not only are they fired, but so is their immediate boss. Since this rule has been brought in, “there has not been a single case [of bribery]”, he said.

Asked whether this would incentivise deans to cover up their subordinates’ corruption, Professor Rybiński said that managers are not punished if they themselves come forward with evidence of bribery.

Exam questions are automatically randomised so that students cannot buy advance sight of them, he said. “Computers don’t take bribes,” he added.

Professor Rybiński has also crushed resistance by academics to the introduction of the “flipped classroom” method – where students learn from online material by themselves and solve problems in class with teachers – and the use of massive open online courses.

“A large percentage of our staff continued to conduct the courses in the old way, the Soviet way,” he said. “We said ‘goodbye’ to them.” In the past two years, more than 250 have been fired. “We are tough,” he added.

Other universities in Kazakhstan that also specialise in subjects such as accounting and economics will have to follow these reforms, Professor Rybiński explained, because Narxoz is designated as a leading university in these fields.

Concerns have long been raised about academic freedom in Kazakhstan, which has been ruled by President Nursultan Nazarbayev since 1991. Last year, a Dutch academic alleged that he had been edged out of Nazarbayev University – named after the president – after the Russian Embassy took issue with lectures about the fighting in Ukraine.

“In terms of academic freedom, it’s very different from the standard we are used to in the UK and the US,” Professor Rybiński acknowledged.

A quarter of any new course curriculum is still controlled by the Ministry of Education, although this is down from half, and in two years there should be full autonomy, he said.

Last year, Kazakhstan’s currency, the tenge, plummeted in value after it was allowed to float freely. This has halved Professor Rybiński’s budget for international recruitment this year, and so far just 10 faculty out of about 400 are from abroad, although he said that the overseas recruitment drive has only just begun.

Professor Rybiński hopes that overseas academics will be attracted by Kazakhstan’s stunning natural beauty, plentiful skiing opportunities and its promise of “the best meat in the world” – including horse.

david.matthews@tesglobal.com

 

Link original: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/we-are-tough-rectors-fight-against-corruption-kazakhstan

Foto: Almighty Almaty: Krzysztof Rybiński hopes scholars will be attracted by Kazakhstan’s stunning natural beauty

Comparte este contenido:
Page 164 of 264
1 162 163 164 165 166 264