Page 209 of 393
1 207 208 209 210 211 393

Estados Unidos: Escuelas de Chicago en peligro de quedar sin presupuesto

Estados Unidos/03 agosto 2017/Fuente: El Nuevo Herald

El gobernador de Illinois Bruce Rauner usó el martes su poder de veto para privar a las escuelas públicas de Chicago de millones de dólares como parte de una reestructuración del sector, una medida que podría privar de dinero a los distritos escolares antes del comienzo de clases.

El republicano retiró el financiamiento para el sistema de pensiones y retiró también una asignación directa que el distrito recibía, además de otros renglones presupuestarios.

«Con estos cambios, habrá una reforma histórica en el sistema educativo de Illinois, que será justa e igual para todos los escolares de Illinois”, dijo Rauner en conferencia de prensa.

La propuesta deberá pasar ahora a la legislatura, controlada por demócratas. Allí, se necesitarán tres quintas partes de los votos totales para ratificar el veto del gobernador o para rechazarlo, y ambas opciones parecen difíciles. Si ninguna de las cámaras consigue el mínimo de votos, la propuesta queda nula.

El presidente del Senado estatal John Cullerton, un demócrata, le había pedido a Rauner el día anterior “hacer lo correcto” y firmar la propuesta.

 “Tanto los alumnos como los padres, los maestros y los contribuyentes han esperado demasiado”, afirmó. “Aquí tenemos una oportunidad de lograr un cambio enorme y significativo para Illinois».

Rauner acusó a los demócratas de demorar el proceso a fin de forzar una crisis.

La nueva fórmula de financiamiento es obligatoria como parte de un acuerdo presupuestario que fue aprobado por los legisladores el mes pasado, en desafío al veto del gobernador. Sin la nueva legislación, las escuelas no recibirán su financiamiento y el primero desembolso debe realizarse el 10 de agosto.

Si bien se estima que la mayoría de las escuelas abrirán a tiempo aun si no tienen el dinero estatal, muchos distritos han advertido que tendrán que recortar gastos o incluso suspende clases si no hay un acuerdo para el otoño.

Fuente noticia: http://www.elnuevoherald.com/noticias/estados-unidos/article164741897.html

Fuente imagen: https://cdn4.uvnimg.com/93/85/cfa4bef145bebbb2f0aea9e3cd68/33b6751482384e82ae0d1817724ffde9

Comparte este contenido:

Estados Unidos: Louisiana’s education system ranks lowest in nation

Estados Unidos / 02 de agosto de 2017 / Fuente: http://www.theadvertiser.com

The state was 51st in state rankings for school safety.

“The report also indicates persistent challenges with school safety, where Louisiana continues to rank last,” Dunn added.

Louisiana was ranked 48th for math and reading test scores. It was No. 43 for the highest percentage of threatened or injured high school students.

Debbie Meaux, president of the Louisiana Association of Educators, said she thinks schools across the state are improving academically.

“It may be that other states are improving as well, so it’s a moving target,” Meaux said.

“I think that our teachers are doing a fantastic job of making sure our kids are learning,” Meaux continued. “I think they are doing a good job making sure our children are being looked at in terms of what is best for the child.”

To develop the rankings, researchers looked at several factors, including schools’ inclusion in U.S. News and World Report lists, graduation rates for low-income students, dropout rates, math and reading test scores, Advanced Placement scores, SAT and ACT scores, pupil-teacher ratios and the number of certified teachers.

Researchers also analyzed safety aspects of school, including high school students who reported being threatened or injured, high school students not attending school because of safety concerns, students’ participation in violence, access to illegal drugs and rates of bullying, discipline and youth incarceration.

La. colleges, schools receive millions more for teacher preparation
How the Louisiana lottery helps pay for education
Lafayette board changes instructional position in schools
To improve school systems across the country, one researcher called for closer collaboration among districts, communities and parents.

“In many urban areas, issues that affect school performance are caused by poverty: community violence, parents working several jobs at minimum wage, which do not allow them to be involved in their child’s education, or even to be home to be sure their child attend school,” said Jan Arlene Furman, an assistant professor in the Department of Education Leadership at Seton Hall University.

“Schools alone cannot solve these issues,” Furman continued. “Closer collaboration between leaders of social agencies and public schools would help to maximize current resources.”

Meaux agreed that schools and communities can benefit from working closely together.

“If more people can understand the backgrounds that kids come from, the more we can be sensitive to what a child needs,” she said.

The nation’s top five states for education, according to the study, are Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Hampshire, Wisconsin and Vermont.

The five systems with the lowest rankings were Mississippi, the District of Columbia, West Virginia, New Mexico and Louisiana.

Fuente noticia: http://www.theadvertiser.com/story/news/local/education/2017/07/31/study-louisianas-education-system-ranks-lowest-nation/525075001/

Comparte este contenido:

EEUU: Grupo de trabajo de la NAACP emite informe sobre la calidad de la educación

América del Norte/EEUU/ BALTIMORE

El Grupo de Trabajo de la NAACP sobre Educación de Calidad presenta sus conclusiones de su gira de audiencias públicas de siete ciudades sobre la calidad y la supervisión de las escuelas charter.

La Junta Directiva Nacional de NAACP creó el Grupo de Trabajo sobre Educación de Calidad después de su ratificación de octubre de 2016 de una resolución emitiendo una moratoria sobre la expansión de las escuelas chárter, al menos hasta que se cumplan ciertos estándares de calidad y rendición de cuentas. El Equipo de Tareas organizó audiencias públicas con maestros, padres y expertos en política en New Haven, CT; Memphis, TN; Orlando, FL; Los Ángeles, California; Detroit, MI; Nueva Orleans, LA y Nueva York, NY.

Haga clic aquí para descargar el informe completo

ACERCA DE LA NAACP:

Fundada en 1909, la NAACP es la organización de derechos civiles más antigua y más grande de la nación. Sus miembros a través de los Estados Unidos y el mundo son los principales defensores de los derechos civiles en sus comunidades. Puede leer más sobre el trabajo de la NAACP y nuestras seis áreas de «Game Changer» visitando NAACP.org.

Fuente: http://www.naacp.org/latest/naacp-task-force-quality-education-report/

Comparte este contenido:

Rallying Cry: Youth Must Stand Up to Defend Democracy

By Henry Giroux

According to famed anthropologist Arjun Appadurai, the central question of our times is whether we’re witnessing the worldwide rejection of liberal democracy and its replacement by some sort of populist authoritarianism.

There’s no doubt that democracy is under siege in several countries, including the United States, Turkey, the Philippines, India and Russia. Yet what’s often overlooked in analyses of the state of global democracy is the importance of education. Education is necessary to respond to the formative and often poisonous cultures that have given rise to the right-wing populism that’s feeding authoritarian ideologies across the globe.

 

Henry A. Giroux delivered this commencement speech upon receiving an honorary doctorate at the University of West Scotland in early July.

Under neo-liberal capitalism, education and the way that we teach our youth has become central to politics. Our current system has encouraged a culture of self-absorption, consumerism, privatization and commodification. Civic culture has been badly undermined while any viable notion of shared citizenship has been replaced by commodified and commercial relations. What this suggests is that important forms of political and social domination are not only economic and structural, but also intellectual and related to the way we learn and teach.

One of the great challenges facing those who believe in a real democracy, especially academics and young people, is the need to reinvent the language of politics in order to make clear that there is no substantive and inclusive democracy without informed citizens.

Democracy Demands Questions

It is imperative for academics to reclaim higher education as a tool of democracy and to connect their work to broader social issues. We must also assume the role of public intellectuals who understand there’s no genuine democracy without a culture of questioning, self-reflection and genuine critical power.

As well, it’s crucial to create conditions that expand those cultures and public spheres in which individuals can bring their private troubles into a larger system.

It’s time for academics to develop a culture of questioning that enables young people and others to talk back to injustice. We need to make power accountable and to embrace economic and social justice as part of the mission of higher education. In other words, academics need to teach young people how to hold politicians and authority accountable.

All generations face trials unique to their own times. The current generation of young people is no different, though what this generation is experiencing may be unprecedented. High on the list of trials is the precariousness of the time — a time in which the security and foundations enjoyed by earlier generations have been largely abandoned. Traditional social structures, long-term jobs, stable communities and permanent bonds have withered in the face of globalization, disposability and the scourge of unbridled consumerism.

Social Contract Shrinking

This is a time when massive inequality plagues the planet. Resources and power are largely controlled by a small financial elite. The social contract is shrinking: war has become normalized, environmental protections are being dismantled, fear has become the new national anthem, and more and more people, especially young people, are being written out of democracy’s script.

Yet around world, the spirit of resistance on the part of young people is coming alive once again as they reject the growing racism, Islamaphobia, militarism and authoritarianism that is emerging all over the globe.

They shouldn’t be discouraged by the way the world looks at the present moment. Hope should never be surrendered to the forces of cynicism and resignation.

Instead, youth must be visionary, brave, willing to make trouble and to think dangerously. Ideas have consequences, and when they’re employed to nurture and sustain a flourishing democracy in which people struggle for justice together, history will be made.

Youth must reject measuring their lives simply in traditional terms of wealth, prestige, status and the false comforts of gated communities and gated imaginations. They must also refuse to live in a society in which consumerism, self-interest and violence function as the only viable forms of political currency.

These goals are politically, ethically and morally deficient and capitulate to the bankrupt notion that we are consumers first and citizens second.

Vision Is More Than Sight

Instead, young people must be steadfast, generous, honest, civic-minded and think about their lives as a project rooted in the desire to create a better world.

They must expand their dreams and think about what it means to build a future marked by a robust and inclusive democracy. In doing so, they need to embrace acts of solidarity, work to expand the common good and collectivize compassion. Such practices will bestow upon them the ability to govern wisely rather than simply be governed maliciously.

I have great hope that this current generation will confront the poisonous authoritarianism that is emerging in many countries today. One strategy for doing this is to reaffirm what binds us together. How might we develop new forms of solidarity? What would it mean to elevate the dignity and decency of everyday people, everywhere?

Young people need to learn how to bear witness to the injustices that surround them. They need to accept the call to become visionaries willing to create a society in which people, as the great journalist Bill Moyers argues, can «become fully free to claim their moral and political agency.»

Near the end of her life, Helen Keller was asked by a student if there was anything worse than losing her sight. She replied losing her vision would have been worse. Today’s young people must maintain, nurture and enhance their vision of a better world.

The ConversationThis was adapted from a recent commencement address given in Glasgow, Scotland, by Prof. Giroux, named one of the top 50 educational thinkers of modern times.

Source:

http://www.truth-out.org/opinion/item/41378-rallying-cry-youth-must-stand-up-to-defend-democracy

The Conversation

Comparte este contenido:

Q&A: Metis educator, author and researcher Rita Bouvier reflects on 2017 World Indigenous Peoples Conference on Education

Morgan Modjeski, Saskatoon StarPhoenix, Saskatoon StarPhoenix

Rita Bouvier poses for a photo in her home in November 2013. An award-winning author, educator and researcher, Bouvier spoke about her time at the 2017 World Indigenous Peoples Conference on Education, which ran from July 24 to July 28 in Toronto Ont. She said the gathering was a chance for community members, educators and researchers to come together and discuss the future of Indigenous education in Canada and around the world, looking for answers through traditional knowledge and intellect.

Educators, academics, community members and researchers gathered in Toronto this week for the World Indigenous Peoples Conference on Education (WIPCE) hosted by TAP Resources and Six Nations Polytechnic.

Held every three years, the conference is a chance for stakeholders from around the world to gather and discuss the future of Indigenous education while working to address some of the major issues affecting Indigenous peoples on a local, regional and global level through traditional intellect.

Award-winning Metis educator, researcher, poet and activist Rita Bouvier, originally from Ile à la Crosse, has attended the conference nine times over the course of her career. She spoke with Morgan Modjeski about her time at the conference, both as a contributor and student.

This interview has been condensed and edited.

Q: What were some of the main issues that these intellectuals and academics were discussing?

A: “They’re not all intellectuals and academics. These are people who are working in various positions in the education system and in the community that supports the education systems. So we really have a diversity of roles and responsibilities that are reflected with the people attending … It’s a diversity of people that are working to support the education of our youth.”

Q: What’s the importance of having that melding of the minds between those working on the front lines in schools and those working on the front lines in a research and community capacity?

A: “We’re all trying to do the same thing … We want our youth to have some success, but we really feel that can only happen by strengthening the identity of our youth, to begin to understand who they are as human beings … and that they have a place in this world and they have a purpose. And we’re doing that by centring their story and their lives within their own traditions. But in doing that, Indigenous education, if I might call it that, and Indigenous knowledge can speak to everyone.

“A lot of that knowledge is carried in our languages and in the ceremonies and in the teachings that are passed on in many of the communities to this day … The purposes of education for many of our communities is not just individual success, it’s about the responsibility we have to the earth and to the natural world around us and the importance of us being in a relationship to that environment.”

Q: How has the conference and the work that the conference is focusing on changed in your time attending?

A: “Thirty years ago, we started out really being very unhappy. The kind of information that was being put out there, in particular by research, as academia, in some part, has produced some that of knowledge, which … essentially stereotyped, essentialized and romanticized who we were as a people, and all of us 30 years ago were challenging that western framework and we have come a long way. … This is some of the work that’s going on in Ontario right now, but the session that I just went to, where one particular community is sharing how they’ve created Indigenous knowledge and traditions — intellectual traditions — as a foundation for their curriculum, and still meet the curricular objectives and outcomes for the province, and it’s incredible. So it’s doable.”

Q: What is it like being part of the collective voice that’s at WIPCE from Saskatchewan?

A: “I have a responsibility to give back to my community and I have the privilege of having gained a lot of knowledge and experience in the work that I’ve done and I also believe that I have certain gifts, that I bring a certain passion to it, and so I feel very privileged to be among I want to say my peers and to have an opportunity to share stories with them.

“Not only about the challenges we face in our respective regions and in our respective countries, but also to celebrate the resilience, that despite everything else, we are still working so hard to centre what is important to us and that knowledge that has been passed on to us. And we feel that if people open their hearts, they can also benefit from the intellectual traditions of our community and to address … some of the challenges that face us globally and I’m talking about the environment.

“I’m talking about the fact that oftentimes, we seem to centre our whole educational endeavour around economic purposes, but that isn’t the ‘end all be all’ — we also have an obligation to create a world that is sustainable for future generations. That’s our responsibility, it isn’t to accumulate more and more.”

Q: If you could relay one lesson that you learned from WIPCE to the people of Saskatchewan, what would it be?

A: “Work with our communities, at the local, regional, provincial, national level. Work with us … The relationships that were established at the beginning of this country need to be honoured.”

mmodjeski@postmedia.com

Twitter.com/MorganM_SP

—This story has been updated.

Source:

http://www.leaderpost.com/business/metis+educator+author+researcher+rita+bouvier+reflects+2017+world/13957858/story.html

 

Comparte este contenido:

EEUU: Experience the World: Culture & Education at the Dinner Table

EEUU/August 01, 2017/By: Sarah Rohler/Source: einnews.com

Ahnnyeonghase-yo. Hej. Namaste. Hello. A greeting in any language implies the same thing; yet what makes each of them unique is the culture surrounding these everyday words. And each of these cultures are breathtaking to get to know; providing a spark of inspiration and warmth in our lives. ETC offers such an opportunity – hosting a student would mean to take in an international student for a brief term as a member of the family. Host families and students are encouraged to engage with each other as warmly and welcoming as possible; exchanging their respective cultures through pictures, stories, food, and affection.

The philosophy of ETC is to promote international goodwill and understanding through international student exchange experiences. It is our staunch belief that participating as a host to a student needing a home to stay will foster understanding and friendship between international cultures.

Education at the Dinner Table:
While in school one may memorize the various gendered pronouns of the Spanish language, or learn how to differentiate between the many homophones present in the English language; true learning of culture and life happens socially. This is especially true for life at home – whether it be through conversation at the dinner table, a small thank you whilst sharing the chores, or through showing each other humorous videos, daily life in a host family will impact the core of each exchange student and expand their worldview. These lessons are not only restricted to the student; families as well will learn about the many nuances present in a strange culture, and change the way they perceive their world.

Travelling Without Leaving Home:
A ticket to Iceland may be out of your price range; a week in Japan may be unthinkable when considering how expensive hotels are. Hosting negates all of these costs and difficulties that arise from planning a trip abroad, as families are allowed to bring a small part of this foreign culture straight into their living room. No longer will Korea or Honduras be a mere name on the map, but a dear second home that elicits countless warm memories spent with your student.

Foreign Partners:
ETC closely works with carefully screened, experienced agents that work diligently in each of the countries that offer students for hosting. Each agent painstakingly screens and examines each of the students and offers them with an orientation so that the students will be able to adjust to the United States with minimal difficulty. When the student finally arrives stateside, our partner organizations will always be available to act as a friendly liaison and counselor between the host family, ETC, and the student’s natural parents.

Special Activities:
We are highly involved with each of the host families and students that are part of the ETC family. ETC hosts fall welcome parties, monthly local activities, themed holiday parties, five (optional) trips every year, and a spring farewell picnic – all of which are available to ETC Local Coordinators, host families, and students, as a way to encourage bonding within a family-like atmosphere.

American Public High Schools:
ETC maintains a strict standard for those students who will be attending American public high schools on a J-1 visa. Each student will be placed within such a high school in their homestay community and will be required to take classes in English and American History or Civics. They are not permitted to take ESL or English immersion classes. Those students who are unable to maintain a C average are required to hire a tutor at their own expense.

Financial Responsibilities:
Host families are not required to take on the burden of the student’s financial expenses. Every student possesses comprehensive medical insurance, and are required to pay for their own personal expenses, which include but are not limited to school activity charges, class fees, clothing expenses, travel expenses, entertainment allowances, bus passes, long distance phone charges, and lunches purchased at the school. Each host family is considered as a volunteer, and are not expected to pay for such student expenses.

Learning About the World, at Home:
Each ETC foreign exchange student is brave and willing to leave family and friends for nearly ten months to broaden their horizons and learn about the culture of the United States. By considering a new short term addition to the family, host families can help courageous students out immensely, whilst learning similar things to the student themselves.

ETC is now accepting host family applications for both five-month and ten-month students. Each student speaks a proficient level of English, has been carefully screened, and will attend the host family’s local high school. Each student arrives fully covered by medical insurance and possesses their own spending money.

About Education, Travel & Culture:
Education, Travel & Culture is a non-profit [501 (c)(3)] educational exchange organization. Its purpose is to promote international understanding and goodwill by providing high quality educational and cultural exchange programs in the United States and abroad. ETC provides inbound program opportunities for high school students throughout the world to study in an American high school and live with an American family.

For more information, FAQs or even to apply to become a host family, visit http://edutrav.org or email Field Director, Brenda Ferland at bferland@edutrav.org

Sarah Rohler
Education, Travel & Culture
6236937999

ETC Is Your Opportunity to Experience the World

Source:

http://education.einnews.com/pr_news/395486931/experience-the-world-culture-education-at-the-dinner-table

 

Comparte este contenido:

Estados Unidos: La educación bilingüe está de moda. Irónicamente esto puede perjudicar a los estudiantes latinos

Estados Unidos/31 julio 2017/Fuente: Univision

En Washington DC, como en otras partes del país, la demanda está disparada entre los angloparlantes nativos por un programa que fue diseñado para los inmigrantes latinos. ¿Quién debe tener prioridad?.

Meri Kolbrener se mudó a un vecindario gentrificado en el noroeste de DC para que sus hijos pudieran tener un lugar garantizado en la Escuela Bilingüe Oyster-Adams. Esta escuela pública no está lejos de donde viven Ivanka Trump y Jared Kushner, la hija y el yerno del presidente Donald Trump, en un vecindario que solía ser en gran parte latino, pero que está cambiando de color desde hace unos años.

Ahora, muchos padres blancos y ricos, quienes antes mantenían a sus hijos lejos de las Escuelas Públicas del Distrito de Columbia (DCPS, por sus siglas en inglés), están acudiendo a programas como el de Oyster-Adams porque, como dijo la directora Mayra Canizales, «lo bilingüe se ha vuelto sexy».

Aunque ni Kolbrener ni su marido hablan español, sus tres hijos sí. En Oyster-Adams, la mitad de las clases se enseñan en español, por lo que sus hijos reciben unas tres horas de instrucción en español todos los días, además del apoyo adicional que sea necesario.

Cuando no hay suficiente español para los niños hispanos

El hijo de Rosa Zelaya, por otro lado, tiene sólo una clase de español de 45 minutos por semana en el Truesdell Education Campus, al norte del centro de la ciudad. Allí, el 67% de los estudiantes son latinos y casi la mitad habla español mejor que inglés, pero nunca llegan a desarrollar su idioma materno en la escuela durante todo el día. A Zelaya le preocupa que sus hijos nunca aprendan a leer y escribir en español. Incluso con la ventaja que reciben en casa, los hijos de Zelaya seguramente dejarán DCPS con menos alfabetización en español que los hijos de Kolbrener.

Tres estudiantes colaboran en un proyecto en la Escuela Bilingüe Oyster-...
Tres estudiantes colaboran en un proyecto en la Escuela Bilingüe Oyster-Adams en la ciudad de Washington DC, donde la demanda de programas bilingües está causando preocupaciones sobre la equidad. Tara García Mathewson/The Hechinger Report

La mayoría de los estudiantes que llegan a la escuela sin fluidez en inglés en Washington DC, y en todo el país, no reciben enseñanza bilingüe. Muchas veces no se les enseña nuevo contenido en materias como las ciencias mientras se les enseña la mecánica del inglés.

De las 10 escuelas bilingües en el distrito de Washington DC abiertas durante el año escolar 2015-16, los estudiantes que estaban aprendiendo inglés representaron más de una cuarta parte de la población estudiantil en seis de las escuelas. En dos de las escuelas bilingües de Washington DC, los estudiantes de inglés fueron tan sólo el 1% ó el 2% de la población. Según el distrito, sólo el 24% de los estudiantes de inglés en DCPS asisten a programas bilingües.

Alumnos en la Escuela Bilingüe Oyster-Adams
Alumnos en la Escuela Bilingüe Oyster-AdamsHechinger Report / Univision

En una ciudad con mayor demanda que oferta de educación bilingüe, siempre habrá perdedores. Los programas que fueron creados para atender a los inmigrantes latinos se han vuelto codiciadas oportunidades de enriquecimiento para los angloparlantes nativos que reconocen el valor de ser bilingüe en un mundo globalizado. Y aunque el canciller de DCPS Antwan Wilson ha dicho que la expansión bilingüe es una prioridad, no hay suficientes profesores calificados, lo cual genera un debate sobre qué estudiantes y qué escuelas deberían tener acceso a estos programas.

Beatriz Otero, una veterana de las primeras batallas por la educación bilingüe en Washington DC y fundadora de la DC Bilingual Public Charter School, dice que está satisfecha con que la educación bilingüe se esté popularizando, pero le preocupa que los estudiantes latinos puedan quedarse atrás.

El Proyecto de Inmersión Lingüística de DC ha sido una de las voces más fuertes en favor de ampliar la educación bilingüe durante estos últimos años. Se formó en 2014 como un colectivo de padres, educadores y miembros de la comunidad interesados en el objetivo general de la alfabetización multilingüe para todos.

¿Multilinguismo para todos?

Los cofundadores del grupo son italianos y afroestadounidenses, y su primera gran campaña fue la creación de un programa bilingüe español-inglés en Houston Elementary. La escuela, en el extremo este de la ciudad en un vecindario casi exclusivamente negro y angloparlante, brindó una oportunidad estratégica, según la cofundadora y directora ejecutiva del proyecto, Vanessa Bertelli: si pudieron defender exitosamente un programa bilingüe en este vecindario con estos datos demográficos, sería más fácil venderlo en cualquier otro lado.

La hija de la cofundadora Jimell Sanders está inscrita en la clase preescolar inaugural de la escuela.

En la Escuela Bilingüe Oyster-Adams en Washington DC, 60% de los estudia...
En la Escuela Bilingüe Oyster-Adams en Washington DC, 60% de los estudiantes son latinos, 29% son blancos y 5% son negros. Aprenden en español la mitad del día. Tara García Mathewson/The Hechinger Report

En Houston Elementary, los únicos hispanohablantes nativos que los estudiantes escuchan son sus maestros. En Oyster-Adams, por otro lado, donde los administradores siempre han mantenido una proporción de 50-50 en cuanto al contexto linguístico de los estudiantes, los niños desarrollan un vocabulario social además de uno académico al comunicarse con sus amigos.

«Ayuda a construir un uso más sólido del idioma», dijo Conor Williams, fundador y director del Grupo de Trabajo de Estudiants de Dos Idiomas Nacional en New America.

Muchos investigadores llaman a este modelo, en el que la mitad de los estudiantes hablan en su idioma nativo y la otra mitad en otro idioma, el estándar de oro; especialmente para los estudiantes que llegan a la escuela hablando español, el segundo idioma en la mayoría de los programas bilingües del país. Estos estudiantes, conocidos como estudiantes de inglés (English-language learners) o estudiantes de habla hispana, llegan a reforzar su primer idioma mientras aprenden un segundo porque sus profesores se basan en lo que saben de español para enseñarles inglés.

Aunque puede parecer intuitivo decir que la inmersión total se traduce en un dominio más rápido del idioma, y algunas investigaciones apoyan este argumento, muchos expertos dicen que esto es erróneo.

Un ejemplo frecuentemente citado compara el aprendizaje de un segundo idioma con aprender a tocar un segundo instrumento. Un violinista utiliza la comprensión de la música para aprender a tocar el piano de la misma manera que un hispanoparlante utiliza la comprensión de las conjugaciones verbales y las uniones entre letras y sonidos en español para aprender inglés.

Un equipo liderado por Fred Genesee de la Universidad McGill analizó 25 años de investigaciones para un informe del 2005, y encontró pruebas contundentes de que los estudiantes que están aprendiendo inglés que reciben instrucción en su idioma nativo tienen mayor éxito educativo. Es más, los profesores de la Universidad George Mason, Virginia Collier y Wayne Thomas han identificado los programas bilingües como los únicos que logran cerrar las brechas entre los estudiantes de inglés y sus compañeros a largo plazo. Y un estudio más reciente en Portland, éste aleatorio, reveló beneficios significativos derivados del programa bilingüe del distrito. Los estudiantes asignados al azar al programa superaron a sus semejantes en lectura en inglés por siete meses en quinto grado y nueve meses en octavo grado.

La Escuela Bilingüe Oyster-Adams tiene el programa bilingüe más antiguo...
La Escuela Bilingüe Oyster-Adams tiene el programa bilingüe más antiguo de las escuelas públicas de DC y es una de las más buscadas, con cientos de estudiantes en su lista de espera. Tara García Mathewson/The Hechinger Report

Dos idiomas: “Un valor en sí mismo y por sí mismo”

Más allá de la posibilidad de aprender inglés con mayor rapidez, el profesor de educación de Stanford Claude Goldenberg es uno de los que ha defendido lo que él llama la «ventaja inherente de conocer y saber leer y escribir en dos idiomas».

«Nadie debería sorprenderse al enterarse de que todos los estudios sobre la educación bilingüe han revelado que enseñarles a los niños en su idioma principal promueve los logros en el idioma principal», escribió Goldenberg en un artículo de la Federación Americana de Maestros. «Esto debe considerarse un valor en sí mismo y por sí mismo».

Uno de los motivos por los que los funcionarios del distrito dicen que los programas bilingües no son la norma es la contratación de personal. Katarina Brito, una desarrolladora de programas bilingües, señaló que DCPS está compitiendo con el resto de la nación para contratar a maestros altamente calificados que no sólo estén capacitados en materias específicas, sino que también sean capaces de dirigir un aula en español.

«La contratación de personal es un reto constante», agregó Brito; y eso a pesar de que DCPS tiene uno de los mayores sueldos iniciales en el país y la posibilidad de un salario de seis cifras después de siete años. Las asociaciones con organizaciones internacionales han creado un canal para los maestros bilingües, pero dependen de visas que expiran después de tres años, y Brito señaló que muchos de los maestros regresan a sus países de origen debido al choque de culturas.

La creciente demanda de programas bilingües ha obligado a los administradores distritales a considerar una ampliación cuidadosa. Brito señaló que la equidad ha sido la prioridad. Aunque las escuelas reservan los puestos en los programas bilingües para hispanoparlantes nativos, las decisiones sobre dónde se inaugurarán los nuevos programas afectarán ese acceso, y el distrito no ha tomado decisiones sobre cómo equilibrar la demanda de las familias y las necesidades de los estudiantes.

En Raymond Elementary School, al norte del centro de la ciudad, Wendy Ordoñez y otros padres latinos describen la frustración con las barreras de comunicación entre ellos y el personal de la escuela, quienes en su mayoría son angloparlantes.

En una ciudad con mayor demanda que oferta de educación bilingüe, siempr...
En una ciudad con mayor demanda que oferta de educación bilingüe, siempre habrá perdedores. Charly Triballeau/AFP/Getty Images

Ordóñez prefiere transferir a sus hijos a un programa bilingüe donde se valore el español, pero aún no ha ‘ganado’ la lotería que determina si su hijo puede ir a una escuela fuera de su vecindario.

Powell Elementary, una escuela aledaña, tiene un programa bilingüe, dijo Ordoñez, «pero eso es sólo una escuela para toda esta zona llena de latinos».

Y los latinos no son los únicos que quieren entrar.

Esta historia fue producida por The Hechinger Report, una agencia de noticias independiente sin fines de lucro, enfocada en la desigualdad y la innovación en la educación. 

Fuente: http://www.univision.com/noticias/bilinguismo/la-educacion-bilingue-esta-de-moda-ironicamente-esto-puede-perjudicar-a-los-estudiantes-latinos

 

 

Comparte este contenido:
Page 209 of 393
1 207 208 209 210 211 393